On the Einstein-Cartan cosmology vs. Planck data
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UCLEI, PARTICLES, FIELDS, GRAVITATION, AND ASTROPHYSICS
On the Einstein–Cartan Cosmology vs. Planck Data1 D. Palle
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Zavod za teorijsku fiziku, Institut Rugjer Boškovi c Bijeni c ka cesta 54, Zagreb, 10000 Croatia email: [email protected] Received November 11, 2013
Abstract—The first comprehensive analyses of Planck data reveal that the cosmological model with dark energy and cold dark matter can satisfactorily explain the essential physical features of the expanding Uni verse. However, the inability to simultaneously fit the large and small scale TT power spectrum, the scalar power index smaller than unity, and the observations of the violation of the isotropy found by few statistical indicators of the CMB urge theorists to search for explanations. We show that the model of the Einstein–Car tan cosmology with clustered dark matter halos and their corresponding clustered angular momenta coupled to torsion can account for smallscale–largescale discrepancy and larger peculiar velocities (bulk flows) for galaxy clusters. The nonvanishing total angular momentum (torsion) of the Universe enters as a negative effective density term in the Einstein–Cartan equations causing partial cancellation of the mass density. The integrated SachsWolfe contribution of the Einstein–Cartan model is negative, and it can therefore provide partial cancellation of the largescale power of the TT CMB spectrum. The observed violation of the isotropy appears as a natural ingredient of the Einstein–Cartan model caused by the spin densities of light Majorana neutrinos in the early stage of the evolution of the Universe and bound to the lepton CP violation and matter– antimatter asymmetry. DOI: 10.1134/S1063776114030157 1
1. INTRODUCTION AND MOTIVATION
Although the presence of dark matter and dark energy is justified by all cosmological observations, their identification and properties are still far from being established. The measurements of the CMB fluctuations are in this respect especially valuable because of the wealth and accurate information that can be extracted from them. The most recent disclosed results of the Planck mission contain issues like the temperature power spectrum, gravitational lensing or the integrated Sachs–Wolfe (ISW) effect, up to the Sunyaev–Zel dovich cluster counts, and isotropy, and nonGaussi anity of the cosmic infrared background. It seems that the old, unexpected features, beyond the ΛCDM + inflation model persist in data and are even more high lighted: (1) the largescale temperature power spec trum much lower than the ΛCDM prediction, limited not only to the low quadrupole [1] but also to almost all multipole moments l < 30 (see Fig. 37 in [2]); (2) the scalar power spectrum index less than 1 (see Table 8 in [2]); and (3) violation of isotropy observed as hemispherical asymmetry, parity asymmetry, qua drupoleoctopole alignment, cold spots, and dipolar asymmetry [3]. If the violation of isotropy will be confirmed by other complementary cosmic observations of radio galaxies [4], spiral galaxies [5],
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