On the Propagation of Short Electromagnetic Pulses through Quantum Metamaterials
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n the Propagation of Short Electromagnetic Pulses through Quantum Metamaterials D. Chevizovicha, *, Z. Ivića, b, **, and A. Chizhovc, d, *** a
University of Belgrade, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, P.O. Box 522, Belgrade, 11001 Serbia bNational University of Science and Technology MISIS, Moscow, 119049 Russia c Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Dubna, 141980 Russia dDubna State University, Dubna, 141980 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] **e-mail: [email protected] ***e-mail: [email protected] Received December 20, 2019; revised January 16, 2020; accepted January 29, 2020
Abstract—In this paper, we analyse the propagation of a short light pulse through a 1D quantum metamaterial structure, composed of arranged artificial two-level quantum systems. We set up the model which material substance is treated quantum mechanically, while the electromagnetic pulse is classical. On the basis of the adopted model, we investigate the short light pulse propagation through the structure in dependence on the initial state of irradiated two-level systems, the amplitude of the incident light pulse, and the frequency of the pulse carrier wave. Finally, we determine the regimes when the incident pulse can propagate in undistorted soliton form. DOI: 10.1134/S1063779620040218
INTRODUCTION It seems that electronic devices based on the “conventional” semiconductor technology reach their peak: further investments to improvement of such technologies can give only limited results, at the best. In order to design a more efficient devices, scientists tend to use possibilities offered by quantum mechanics. Such devices should enable faster information processing, higher density of information storage and higher information safety [1, 2]. Among many materials, high hopes are associated with metamaterials (MM) [3–5]. Metamaterials are artificial structures, composed by a large number of (periodically arranged) identical unit elements (cells), with the size substantially smaller than the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic (EM) radiation. Such a composed structure possess a number of novel features which do not appear in material that was made of particular cells. In such devices, MM would provide the carriers of quantum information, while light pulses can be used for reading and transmitting information [6–8]. The possibility to tailor the physical properties of MM gives us hope that we can control the process of the light propagation through a structure, as well as the information manipulation by the light pulses. In this sense, the ability to control the light pulse velocity is of great importance. As a result, there is a renewed interest in
the study of the propagation of the EM radiation through artificial media. In this paper, we analyse the conditions for undistorted propagation of short light pulses through the simple artificial structure composed by a large number of identical two-level quantum systems (artificial atoms) and arranged in the form of a quasi onedimension
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