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M ATERIALS R ESEARCH S OCIETY S YMPOSIUM P ROCEEDINGS V OLUME 1383

Material Challenges in Current and Future Nuclear Technologies EDITORS

Karl R. Whittle Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation Kirrawee, Australia

Blas P. Uberuaga Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico, U.S.A.

Marjorie Bertolus CEA, DEN Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France

Robin W. Grimes Imperial College London London, United Kingdom

Materials Research Society Warrendale, Pennsylvania

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS

Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sa˜o Paulo, Delhi, Mexico City Cambridge University Press 32 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10013-2473, USA www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781605113609 Materials Research Society 506 Keystone Drive, Warrendale, PA 15086 http://www.mrs.org Ó Materials Research Society 2012 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. This book has been registered with Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. For further information please contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Salem, Massachusetts. First published 2012 CODEN: MRSPDH ISBN: 978-1-60511-360-9 Hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party Internet Web sites referred to in this publication and does not guarantee that any content on such Web sites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.

CONTENTS Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x

FUELS Effect of Ce4+ and Th4+ Ion Substitution in Uranium Dioxide. . . . . . . . . .3 Rakesh K. Behera and Chaitanya S. Deo Spark Plasma Sintering of Fuel Cermets for Nuclear Reactor Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Yang Zhong, Robert C. O’Brien, Steven D. Howe, Nathan D. Jerred, Kristopher Schwinn, Laura Sudderth, and Joshua Hundley

* Atomistic Simulation of Nuclear Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Matthias Krack

RADIATION EFFECTS The Role of Sn, Zr and Hf in the Radiation Damage in II, III, IV and V Pyrochlores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Karl R. Whittle, Massey de los Reyes, Mark G. Blackford, Nestor J. Zaluzec, and Gregory R. Lumpkin Structural Features in Fluorite Compounds Relevant for Nuclear Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Gianguido Baldinozzi, Lionel Desgranges, David Simeone, Dominique Gosset, and Laurence Luneville Evolution of Oxide Particles during Fabrication Processes of 12Cr ODS Steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Xiaodong Mao, Tae Kyu Ki