Origin of Cancers Clinical Perspectives and Implications of a Stem-C

The theory of a stem-cell origin of cancer is neither ground breaking nor earth shattering. Many prominent investigators have established the foundation for this concept and performed the vital experiments to support its validity and merit. The purpose of

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Series Editor Steven T. Rosen Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive   Cancer Center Northwestern University Chicago, IL USA

For further volumes, go to www.springer.com/series/5808

Shi-Ming Tu

Origin of Cancers Clinical Perspectives and Implications of a Stem-Cell Theory of Cancer

Shi-Ming Tu The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Houston, TX 77030 USA [email protected]

ISSN 0927-3042 ISBN 978-1-4419-5967-6 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-5968-3 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-5968-3 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2010924886 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Cover illustration: Conception by Shi-Ming Tu, M.D., artwork by David M.Aten, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, U.S.A. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Preface

Précis This book is a treatise about the origin of cancers. I would like to convince readers that the basic tenets of the theory of a stem-cell origin of cancers also constitute a unified theory of cancer.

Stem-cell origin of normal (and cancer) cells: Vitruvian version

Every truth passes through three stages before it is recognized. In the first it is ridiculed, in the second, it is opposed, in the third, it is regarded as self-evident. – Arthur Schopenhauer v

vi

Preface

Every person has a unique story to tell. My story is about cancer. Cancer touches the lives of countless people. Often enough, it leaves indelible tracks. Many lives have been lost; others are forever changed. For those who confront this deadly scourge, there is a sense of urgency, if not of desperation. For those who face imminent death, life becomes even more precious and carries a special meaning. As an oncologist, I am touched daily by cancer. I feel its inception, evolution, and aftermath. It seems as though we are fighting an incessant war against cancer at the front line in the trenches. This is my story about cancer. Some people are terrific storytellers. Others have incredible tales to tell. Occasionally, a terrific storyteller tells an incredible story. I do not pretend to be a great raconteur or promise that this story will grip your heart. However, I believe that this book carries an important message beyond just enlightenment or a r