Parent Training for Youth with Autism Served in Community Settings: A Mixed-Methods Investigation Within a Community Men
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Parent Training for Youth with Autism Served in Community Settings: A Mixed‑Methods Investigation Within a Community Mental Health System Diondra Straiton1 · Barb Groom2 · Brooke Ingersoll1
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Parent training programs focus on parent knowledge and/or skill development regarding strategies to improve child outcomes. Parent training programs are considered evidenced-based treatments for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Yet little is known about parent training use for youth with ASD served in community settings. This mixed methods project examined parent training for Medicaid-enrolled youth with ASD under age 21. Data were obtained from Medicaid claims for 879 youth and surveys from 97 applied behavior analysis (ABA) providers. Open-ended survey items were analyzed with content analysis. Results demonstrated that the frequency of parent training was low and providers’ conceptualization of parent training was inconsistent with evidence-based models. Providers are largely unaware of evidence-based components (i.e., modeling, caregiver practice with feedback) and use them infrequently. Implications for increasing parent training in community settings are discussed. Keywords Parent training · Autism · Community mental health · Medicaid
Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder characterized by pervasive deficits in social communication and a pattern of restrictive and repetitive behaviors (American Psychiatric Association 2013) Parent1 training is an intervention approach in which providers train parents to serve as agents of behavior change, with the child as the direct beneficiary of treatment (Bearss et al. 2015). Service options like parent training can be leveraged to increase service access and involvement for families of children with ASD because they promote strong family-provider partnerships and result in improved child outcomes (BrookmanFrazee and Koegel 2004). Parent training is an effective treatment option for teaching social communication (Ingersoll et al. 2016; Kasari et al. 2010), decreasing disruptive * Diondra Straiton [email protected] 1
Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, 316 Physics Rd, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
Mid-State Health Network, 530 W Ionia St, Lansing, MI 48933, USA
2
behavior (Bearss et al. 2015), and improving adaptive skills in youth with ASD (Scahill et al. 2016). It is important to note, however, that most parent training programs have been tested in children with ASD between the ages of 19 months to 84 months and none have been tested with young adults. Nevertheless, the National Clearinghouse on Autism Evidence and Practice Review Team conducted a recent systematic review that determined that parent training interventions are an evidence-based practice to treat youth with ASD from toddlerhood through high school (Steinbrenner et al. 2020). Parent training has a number of advantages in the treatment of children with ASD compared to
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