Patient-specific three-dimensional printed heart models benefit preoperative planning for complex congenital heart disea
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Patient‑specific three‑dimensional printed heart models benefit preoperative planning for complex congenital heart disease Jia‑Jun Xu1,2 · Yu‑Jia Luo1 · Jin‑Hua Wang1 · Wei‑Ze Xu1 · Zhuo Shi1 · Jian‑Zhong Fu2 · Qiang Shu1 Received: 14 December 2018 / Accepted: 11 January 2019 © Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine 2019
Abstract Background Preoperative planning for children with congenital heart diseases remains crucial and challenging. This study aimed to investigate the roles of three-dimensional printed patient-specific heart models in the presurgical planning for complex congenital heart disease. Methods From May 2017 to January 2018, 15 children diagnosed with complex congenital heart disease were included in this study. Heart models were printed based on computed tomography (CT) imaging reconstruction by a 3D printer with photosensitive resin using the stereolithography apparatus technology. Surgery options were first evaluated by a sophisticated cardiac surgery group using CT images only, and then surgical plans were also set up based on heart models. Results Fifteen 3D printed heart models were successfully generated. According to the decisions based on CT, 13 cases were consistent with real options, while the other 2 were not. According to 3D printed heart models, all the 15 cases were consistent with real options. Unfortunately, one child diagnosed with complete transposition of great arteries combined with interruption of aortic arch (type A) died 5 days after operation due to postoperative low cardiac output syndrome. The cardiologists, especially the younger ones, considered that these 3D printed heart models with tangible, physical and comprehensive illustrations were beneficial for preoperative planning of complex congenital heart diseases. Conclusion 3D printed heart models are beneficial and promising in preoperative planning for complex congenital heart diseases, and are able to help conform or even improve the surgery options. Keywords Computed tomography · Congenital heart disease · Surgery · Three-dimensional printing
Introduction Congenital heart disease (CHD) is currently the most common birth defects among newborns with a prevalence of up to 10 in every 1000 [1]. Due to the complexity and variability of the anatomical malformations of the heart, it remains challenging to fully understand the cardiovascular morphology of the heart and great vessels in children with CHD, especially complex CHD. Complex CHD can be combined with a variety of cardiovascular lesions, and every child diagnosed with complex CHD has his/her own unique anatomical characteristics. Before performing a surgery, a * Qiang Shu [email protected] 1
Department of Heart Center, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2
comprehensive and intuitive understanding of the anatomical information of each child’s heart is critical for the success rate and p
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