Pestalotiopsis trachicarpicola , a novel pathogen causes twig blight of Pinus bungeana (Pinaceae: Pinoideae) in China
- PDF / 1,447,079 Bytes
- 9 Pages / 547.087 x 737.008 pts Page_size
- 77 Downloads / 164 Views
(0123456789().,-volV) ( 01234567 89().,-volV)
REVIEW PAPER
Pestalotiopsis trachicarpicola, a novel pathogen causes twig blight of Pinus bungeana (Pinaceae: Pinoideae) in China Mei Qi . Chen-Xiao Xie . Qian-Wen Chen . Zhong-Dong Yu
Received: 13 July 2020 / Accepted: 17 November 2020 Ó Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Pinus bungeana is one of indigenous trees in China and widely distributed in poor and arid regions for vegetation and industrial woody use. However, since a high-incidence disease threatens the growth of mature P. bungeana tree in the garden and in the plantation every year, the overwintering shoots were infected and died in the next spring with a ratio over 70%, but the cause was beyond understood. A total of 120 fungal isolates were separated from symptomatic twigs by histological isolation methods, including Pestalotiopsis spp., Fusarium spp., Trichothecium spp., Penicillium and some unknown fungal species. Pestalotiopsis spp. was dominant, accounting for 85%. Morphological observation under microcopy showed all Pestalotiopsis species are identical, and six isolations among them were randomly selected for pathogenicity tests. Fulfilling Koch’s postulates showed that all six isolates of Pestalotiopsis spp. were pathogens of twig blight, causing the same symptoms as observed in the field, while other non-Pestalotiopsis isolates were avirulent to P. bungeana twigs. Multi-gene (ITS, tub2 and TEF1) analysis and morphological observation revealed that all the six Pestalotiopsis isolates belonged to P. trachicarpicola. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting P. trachicarpicola as the M. Qi C.-X. Xie Q.-W. Chen Z.-D. Yu (&) College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China e-mail: [email protected]
pathogens responsible for P. bungeana twig blight in China. Keywords Pestalotiopsis trachicarpicola tub2 gene ITS Pinus bungeana Morphology Twig blight
Introduction Pinus bungeana Zucc. ex Endl. is an evergreen conifer species within the family Pinaceae and is naturally distributed in Central and Western China, which is across warm temperate, northern subtropic, and midsubtropic climatic zones, geographically ranging from 29° 550 to 38° 250 N latitude and from 103° 360 to 115° 170 E longitude. This region covers 7 provinces, three (Shaanxi, Shanxi, and Henan) of which are the main distribution areas of an altitude from 500 to 1800 m (Jie and Kentian 1993; Fu et al. 1999; Wang and Liu 1998; Li et al. 2016; Guo et al. 2020). P. bungeana effectively adapts to drought and cold climates as well as calcareous loess and mild saline soil, so it is widely used as afforestation tree species (Bo 2008). It is a popular ornamental plant that has strong resistance to sulfur dioxide and soot pollution in the air. In addition, its cones and pollen are valuable medicinal herbs, the turpentine is an important chemical raw material, and the edible seeds are known as pine nuts (Zhao et al. 1995; Wang et al. 1999). Therefore, P. bungeana is
Data Loading...
