Pharmacological treatments of COVID-19
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REVIEW
Pharmacological treatments of COVID‑19 Adeleh Sahebnasagh1 · Razieh Avan2 · Fatemeh Saghafi3 · Mojataba Mojtahedzadeh4 · Afsaneh Sadremomtaz5 · Omid Arasteh6 · Asal Tanzifi7,8 · Fatemeh Faramarzi9 · Reza Negarandeh10 · Mohammadreza Safdari11 · Masoud Khataminia12 · Hassan Rezai Ghaleno13 · Solomon Habtemariam14 · Amirhosein Khoshi15 Received: 9 April 2020 / Revised: 31 July 2020 / Accepted: 10 August 2020 © Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract The viral infection due to the new coronavirus or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which was reported for the first time in December 2019, was named by the World Health Organization (WHO) as Severe Acute Respiratory SyndromeCoronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2), because of the very similar genome and also its related symptoms to SARS-CoV1. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic with significant mortality, morbidity, and socioeconomic impact is considered by the WHO as a global public health emergency. Since there is no specific treatment available for SARS-CoV2 infection, and or COVID-19, several clinical and sub-clinical studies are currently undertaken to find a gold-standard therapeutic regimen with high efficacy and low side effect. Based on the published scientific evidence published to date, we summarized herein the effects of different potential therapies and up-to-date clinical trials. The review is intended to help readers aware of potentially effective COVID-19 treatment and provide useful references for future studies. Keywords COVID-19 · Pharmacology · Pneumonia · SARS-CoV2
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s43440-020-00152-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Amirhosein Khoshi [email protected]; [email protected] Adeleh Sahebnasagh [email protected] Razieh Avan [email protected] Fatemeh Saghafi [email protected] Mojataba Mojtahedzadeh [email protected] Afsaneh Sadremomtaz [email protected]
Mohammadreza Safdari [email protected] Masoud Khataminia [email protected] Hassan Rezai Ghaleno [email protected] Solomon Habtemariam [email protected] 1
Clinical Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
2
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
3
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
4
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Omid Arasteh [email protected] Asal Tanzifi [email protected] Fatemeh Faramarzi [email protected] Reza Negarandeh [email protected]
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A. Sahebnasagh et al.
Introduction In the first two decade
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