Physiology for General Surgical Sciences Examination (GSSE)
This book is designed as a learning tool to assist candidates to become familiar with the common, yet often complex, physiology topics covered in the GSSE examination. Its aim is to give candidates ideas to focus their studies in high yield areas. It is s
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Physiology for General Surgical Sciences Examination (GSSE)
S. Ali Mirjalili Editor
Physiology for General Surgical Sciences Examination (GSSE)
Editor S. Ali Mirjalili Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging University of Auckland Auckland, New Zealand
ISBN 978-981-13-2579-3 ISBN 978-981-13-2580-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2580-9 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. and People's Medical Publishing House Co. Ltd. 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
Contents
1 Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology ���������������������������������������������������� 1 S. Ali Mirjalili, Lucy Hinton, and Simon Richards 2 Gastrointestinal Physiology ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 37 S. Ali Mirjalili, Lucy Hinton, and Simon Richards 3 Cardiovascular Physiology ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 55 S. Ali Mirjalili, Lucy Hinton, and Kevin Ellyett 4 Respiratory Physiology ������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 89 S. Ali Mirjalili, Lucy Hinton, and Kevin Ellyett 5 Renal Physiology �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 117 S. Ali Mirjalili, Lucy Hinton, and Kevin Ellyett Index�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 139
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Chapter 1
Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology S. Ali Mirjalili, Lucy Hinton, and Simon Richards
1.1 Mechanisms of Hormonal Action Short notes Three main types of hormones: 1. Steroid (Lipid soluble): Synthesised from cholesterol. Diffuse out of cell throug
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