Preparation and photocatalytic activity of fluoroalkyl end-capped vinyltrimethoxysilane oligomer/anatase titanium oxide
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Preparation and photocatalytic activity of fluoroalkyl end-capped vinyltrimethoxysilane oligomer/anatase titanium oxide nanocomposite-encapsulated low molecular weight aromatic compounds Sujuan Guo & Takahumi Ogasawara & Tomoya Saito & Hiroshi Kakehi & Yoshihiro Kato & Masashi Miura & Norifumi Isu & Hideo Sawada
Received: 16 May 2013 / Revised: 3 July 2013 / Accepted: 3 July 2013 / Published online: 11 August 2013 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
Abstract Fluoroalkyl end-capped vinyltrimethoxysilane oligomer/anatase titanium oxide nanocomposite-encapsulated low molecular weight aromatic compounds [RF-(VM-SiO2)nRF/an-TiO2/Ar-H] were prepared by the sol–gel reactions of the corresponding oligomer in the presence of anatase titanium oxide nanoparticles (an-TiO2) and the aromatic compounds such as bisphenol A [BPA], 1,1′-bi(2-naphthol) [BINOL], and fullerene under alkaline conditions. Thermogravimetric analyses measurements show that RF-(VM-SiO2)n-RF/an-TiO2 nanocomposite-encapsulated BPA and BINOL, in which the theoretical contents in the composites are 25∼32 %, were found to give no weight loss corresponding to the contents of these aromatic compounds even after calcination at 800 °C. On the other hand, the corresponding nanocomposite-encapsulated fullerene exhibited weight loss behavior related to the presence of fullerene under similar conditions; however, UV–vis spectra showed the presence of the residual fullerene in the composites even after calcination. An-TiO2 in these fluorinated nanocomposites can keep its crystalline structure without phase transformation into rutile even after calcination at 1,000 °C, although the parent an-TiO2 nanoparticles underwent a complete phase transformation into rutile under similar conditions. Notably,
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00396-013-3027-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. S. Guo : T. Ogasawara : T. Saito : H. Sawada (*) Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan e-mail: [email protected] H. Kakehi : Y. Kato : M. Miura : N. Isu R&D Center, LIXIL Corporation, Tokoname, Aichi 479-8588, Japan
RF-(VM-SiO2)n-RF/an-TiO2/Ar-H nanocomposites can give a good photocatalytic activity even after calcination at 1,000 °C for the decolorization of methylene blue under UV light irradiation. More interestingly, these fluorinated nanocomposites before and after calcination were found to exhibit a higher photocatalytic activity at the initial UV light irradiation from 1 to 3 min than that of the corresponding RF-(VM-SiO2)nRF/an-TiO2 nanocomposites under similar conditions. Keywords Fluorinated silicon oligomer . Anatase titanium oxide nanoparticle . Aromatic compounds . Fullerene . Nanocomposite . Photocatalytic activity . Phase transformation . Rutile . UV irradiation . No weight loss
Introduction Polymer nanocomposites, which consist of a polymer matrix filled wi
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