PRISMA extension for moxibustion 2020: recommendations, explanation, and elaboration

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PRISMA extension for moxibustion 2020: recommendations, explanation, and elaboration Xuan Zhang1,2, Ran Tan1,2, Wai Ching Lam1, Chung Wah Cheng1, Liang Yao1, Xiao-Qin Wang3, Si-Yao Li1, Qi-Ying Aixinjueluo1, Ke-Hu Yang3, Hong-Cai Shang4, Tai-Xiang Wu5, Ai-Ping Lyu1 and Zhao-Xiang Bian1,2*

Abstract Background: Moxibustion is a common intervention of Chinese medicine (CM). Systematic reviews (SRs) on moxibustion are increasing. Although the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRIS MA) statement provides guidelines for SRs, the quality of moxibustion-related SRs is still not satisfactory. In particular, descriptions of the interventions and the rationale for using moxibustion are insufficient. To address these inadequacies, the working group developed this PRISMA extension for reporting SRs of moxibustion (PRISMA-M 2020). Methods: A group of CM clinical professionals, methodologists of SRs, reporting guideline developers, and journal editors developed this PRISMA-M 2020 through a comprehensive process that includes registration, literature review, consensus meetings, Delphi exercises for soliciting comments, and revision, resulting in this final draft. Results: Seven of the 27 PRISMA checklist items, namely title (1), rationale (3), eligibility criteria (6), data item (11), additional analyses (16), study characteristics (18), and additional analysis (23), were extended, with specific reference to the application of moxibustion. Illustrative examples and explanations for each item are provided. Conclusion: The PRISMA-M 2020 will help improve the reporting quality of SRs with moxibustion. Systematic review registration: We have registered it on the EQUATOR (Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research) network, particularly under the item of PRISMA-TCM: http://www.equator-network.org/library/ reporting-guidelines-under-development/reporting-guidelines-under-development-for-systematic-reviews/#65. Keywords: Chinese medicine, Extension, Moxibustion intervention, PRISMA, Systematic review

Background Moxibustion is a traditional therapeutic technique in which hot or burning moxa is applied on acupoints or meridians [1]. The earliest record of moxibustion is on the oracle bones, demonstrating that moxibustion had * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China 2 Chinese EQUATOR Centre, Hong Kong Baptist University, Jockey Club School of Chinese Medicine Building, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article

occurred in the Yin dynasty (1600–1046 BC) [2]. According to relics excavated from the Mawangdui tomb and Hantanpo tomb, moxibustion was used to treat many diseases and had a general application in the Qin and Han dynasties (221 BC–220 AD) in China [3]. In the practice of Chinese medicine (CM),