Privacy and Security in Video Surveillance
Video surveillance systems are usually installed to increase the safety and security of people or property in the monitored areas. Typical threat scenarios are robbery, vandalism, shoplifting or terrorism. Other application scenarios are more intimate and
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Abstract Video surveillance systems are usually installed to increase the safety and security of people or property in the monitored areas. Typical threat scenarios are robbery, vandalism, shoplifting or terrorism. Other application scenarios are more intimate and private such as home monitoring or assisted living. For a long time, it was accepted that the potential benefits of video surveillance go hand in hand with a loss of personal privacy. However, with the on-board processing capabilities of modern embedded systems it becomes possible to compensate this privacy loss by making security and privacy protection inherent features of video surveillance cameras. In the first part of this chapter, we motivate the need for the integration of security and privacy features, we discuss fundamental requirements and provide a comprehensive review of the state of the art. The second part presents the TrustCAM prototype system where a dedicated hardware security module is integrated into a camera system to achieve a high level of security. The chapter is concluded by a summary of open research issues and an outlook to future trends.
1 The Need for Security and Privacy Protection Reasons for deploying video surveillance systems are manifold. Frequently mentioned arguments are ensuring public safety, preventing vandalism and crime as well as investigating criminal offenses [40]. As part of that, cameras are often installed in public environments such as underground or train stations, in buses [39] or taxis [20], along roads and highways [8, 23], in sports stadiums or in shopping malls [30, 31]. But video surveillance is no longer deployed only in public but also in private and more intimate environments. For example, in assisted living applications [10, 25, 62] cameras are used to monitor the interior of people’s homes to detect unusual behavior of residents. T. Winkler (B) · B. Rinner Institute of Networked and Embedded Systems, and Lakeside Labs, Alpen-Adria Universität Klagenfurt, Lakeside Park B02b, 9020 Klagenfurt, Austria e-mail: [email protected] B. Rinner e-mail: [email protected] P.K. Atrey et al. (eds.), Intelligent Multimedia Surveillance, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-41512-8_3, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
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T. Winkler and B. Rinner
A major driving factor for this widespread deployment of cameras is that video surveillance equipment has become increasingly cheap and simple to use. As part of this development, today’s video surveillance systems are no longer the closed, single-purpose systems they used to be. Modern systems are highly flexible which is primarily achieved via software. Camera devices usually come with powerful operating systems such as Linux as well as a variety of software libraries and applications running on top of it. Furthermore, these systems frequently make use of wireless network interfaces and are part of larger, often public, networks such as the Internet. The increasing size of the software stack and the relative openness of the network infrastructure turn many of t
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