Programmed death 1 ligand (PD-L1) in solid cancers after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a retrospec
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Programmed death 1 ligand (PD‑L1) in solid cancers after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a retrospective analysis by the Nagasaki Transplant Group Sachie Kasai1 · Hidehiro Itonaga2 · Daisuke Niino3 · Hiroaki Miyoshi4 · Takeharu Kato5 · Daisuke Imanishi6 · Machiko Fujioka1,7 · Takafumi Furumoto8 · Shinya Sato7 · Yasushi Sawayama7 · Jun Taguchi9 · Yoshitaka Imaizumi7 · Tomoko Hata2 · Shinichiro Yoshida5 · Yukiyoshi Moriuchi8 · Koichi Ohshima4 · Yasushi Miyazaki1,2,7 Received: 17 February 2020 / Revised: 5 June 2020 / Accepted: 16 June 2020 © Japanese Society of Hematology 2020
Abstract Programmed death 1 ligand (PD-L1) is an immunomodulatory molecule expressed by cancer cells, and it has been widely demonstrated to inhibit host antitumor responses. The aim of the present study was to identify clinicopathological features associated with PD-L1 expression in the secondary solid cancers of patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In this database of 530 patients who received allo-HSCT between 1990 and 2017, 15 developed solid cancers with a median interval of 3487 days after transplantation. Three patients had 2 different solid cancers. Eighteen solid cancer cases were identified. A multivariate analysis showed that chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was associated with an increased risk of solid cancer. The presence of chronic GVHD was observed in 8 out of 18 cases at the diagnosis of secondary malignancies. PD-L1 expression levels in cancers were significantly higher in patients with active chronic GVHD than in those without chronic GVHD (P = 0.020). Five cases of cancer that developed in the involved organs of chronic GVHD showed 30% or higher PD-L1 positivity. The present results revealed distinct PD-L1 expression in the secondary solid cancers of post-transplant patients with chronic GVHD. Keywords Allogeneic transplantation · Graft-versus-host disease · Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation · PD-L1 · Second cancer
Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-020-02926-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Hidehiro Itonaga itonaga‑[email protected] 1
2
Department of Hematology, Atomic Bomb Disease and Hibakusha Medicine Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan Department of Hematology, Atomic Bomb Disease and Hibakusha Medicine Unit, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, 1‑12‑4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki city, Nagasaki, Japan
3
Department of Pathology, Sasebo City General Hospital, Sasebo, Japan
4
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) is a standard treatment to provide a curative outcome in patients with hematological malignancies and 5
Department of Hematology, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center, Omura, Japan
6
Department of Hematology, Na
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