Proximal fibular osteotomy alleviates medial compartment knee osteoarthritis in a mouse model

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ORIGINAL PAPER

Proximal fibular osteotomy alleviates medial compartment knee osteoarthritis in a mouse model Tian-Rui Wang 1,2 & Hong-De Wang 1,2 & Wei Chen 1,2 & Teng-Bo Yu 3 & Yan Qin 4 & Ying-Ze Zhang 1,2,5 Received: 8 August 2019 / Accepted: 31 January 2020 # SICOT aisbl 2020

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to establish a mouse model of proximal fibular osteotomy (PFO), and to determine if PFO could delay degeneration of the medial compartment of the knee joint in a mouse model. Methods An animal model of destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) was used to induce post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis (OA). PFO was performed to examine the effectiveness of PFO on protection against medial compartment knee OA. Micro-CT was used to observe osteosclerosis development in the subchondral bone, and Safranin O-fast green staining was used to evaluate the progression of articular cartilage destruction. The condylar-plateau angle (CPA) and anatomical femorotibial angle (aFTA) were measured to determine whether knee alignment was changed after PFO. Results PFO treatment could decrease osteophyte formation and osteosclerosis development in the subchondral bone, as observed by micro-CT. The value of the ratio of trabecular bone volume to total volume (BV/TV) of DMM+PFO group was lower than that of DMM group. PFO also inhibited the progression of articular cartilage destruction. DMM + PFO group displayed decreased maximal and summed OA scores, as compared with DMM group. Moreover, the change of knee alignment was reduced by PFO, which might be the mechanism of PFO alleviating medial compartment knee OA. Conclusion Our results indicated that PFO could alleviate medial compartment knee OA in a mouse model. Keywords Proximal fibular osteotomy . Osteoarthritis . Destabilization of the medial meniscus . Cartilage . Micro-CT

Introduction Medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent form of knee joint disease, and up to 90% of Tian-Rui Wang, Hong-De Wang and Wei Chen contributed equally to this work. * Ying-Ze Zhang [email protected] 1

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, People’s Republic of China

2

Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, People’s Republic of China

3

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, People’s Republic of China

4

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical university, Shijiazhuang 050017, People’s Republic of China

5

Chinese Academy of Engineering, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

unicompartment knee OA had exclusively medial involvement [1]. However, the pathogenesis of medial compartment knee OA remains debatable. Studies [2, 3] showed that medial compartment knee OA was associated with misalignment of the knee, and most of patients were complicated with varus deformity. Total