Psychiatry and the Business of Madness An Ethical and Epistemologica
Based on extensive research, this book is a fundamental critique of psychiatry that examines the foundations of psychiatry, refutes its basic tenets, and traces the workings of the industry through medical research and in-depth interviews.
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Psychiatry and the Business of Madness An Ethical and Epistemological Accounting
Bonnie Burstow
PSYCHIATRY AND THE BUSINESS OF MADNESS
Copyright © Bonnie Burstow, 2015. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2015 978-1-137-50383-1 All rights reserved. First published in 2015 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN® in the United States— a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-137-50384-8 ISBN 978-1-137-50385-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9781137503855
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Burstow, Bonnie, 1945–, author. Psychiatry and the business of madness : an ethical and epistemological accounting / Bonnie Burstow. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978–1–137–50384–8 (paperback) I. Title. [DNLM: 1. Psychiatry—ethics 2. Psychopharmacology—ethics 3. Psychiatry—history WM 21] RC455.2.E8 174.29689—dc23
2014039336
A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Knowledge Works (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First edition: April 2015 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
This book is dedicated to psychiatric survivors and their loved ones everywhere
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Contents
List of Figures
ix
Acknowledgments
xi
1 Introduction to the Study: Unveiling the Problematic
1
2 The Evolution of “Madness”: A Journey “through Time,” Part One
25
3 Modernity (1890–2014): A Journey through Time, Part Two
45
4
73
Probing the Boss Text: The DSM—What? Whither? How? Which?
5 The Beast/In the Belly of the Beast: Pinioned by Paper
101
6 The Psychiatric Team
143
7
Marching to “Pharmageddon”: Psychopharmacy Unmasked
167
8
Electroshock: Not a “Healing” Option
201
9 Dusting Ourselves Off and Starting Anew
229
Notes
265
References
275
Index
289
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Figures
4.1 4.2 5.1 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 8.1 8.2 9.1
Simple diagnostic process Complex diagnostic-interview process The mental health system and its conduits The regulatory process in action Manufacturing safety: how adverse reactions disappear How prescriptions come to be The dopamine system and neuroleptics The serotonin reuptake system and the SSRIs The dopamine reuptake system and the stimulants The electroshock empire Rule by ECT scholar/capitalists Layers of trauma
87 88 102 170 175 177 182 187 191 204 208 239
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Acknowledgments
J
ust as it takes a village to raise a child, it takes dozens of communities, some village-like, to bring a project like th
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