Quality of life of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients under brace treatment: a brief communication of literature r
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REVIEW
Quality of life of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients under brace treatment: a brief communication of literature review Huan Wang1 · Daniel Tetteroo1 · J. J. Chris Arts2,3 · Panos Markopoulos1 · Keita Ito2 Accepted: 3 October 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Purpose To identify the life domains that are most frequently reported to be affected in scoliosis patients undergoing brace treatment. Methods A search within the PubMed database was conducted and a total of 60 publications were selected. We classified the studies based on the methods used to measure patients’ quality of life (QoL) and categorized the life domains reported to be affected. Results Self-image/body configuration was the most reported affected domain of patients’ QoL, identified in 32 papers, whilst mental health/stress was the second most reported affected domain. Mental health was identified in 11 papers, and 11 papers using the BSSQ questionnaire reported medium stress amongst their participants. Vitality was the third most reported affected domain, identified in 12 papers. Conclusions Our review indicates that scoliotic adolescents treated with bracing suffer in their quality of life most from psychological burdens. To improve these patients’ life quality, more attention should be focussed on supporting their mental health. Keywords Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis · Brace treatment · Quality of life · Self-image
Introduction Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is defined as a threedimensional spinal deformity with a twisting curvature that happens in juveniles of the age from 10 to 20 with no known specific aetiology. Treatment and classification guidelines have been established by the International Scientific Society on Scoliosis Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation (SOSORT) [1–3]. The SOSORT guidelines recommend observation, exercise, brace treatment or surgical treatment based on the severity of curvature. The efficacy of brace treatment depends on both the quantity (compliance), which is defined as the percentage * Huan Wang [email protected] 1
Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
2
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
3
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, Netherlands
of actual brace-wearing time relative to the prescribed bracing time [4], and the quality (strap tightness) of brace usage [5]. The quantity of brace usage depends on patients’ own initiative in wearing the brace, where patients tend to be non-complaint reducing wearing time because of physical and psychological issues [4, 6]. This is important because the risk for curve progression and surgery are reduced in patients with good brace compliance [7]. Many factors have been reported to impact the QoL of AIS brace wearers, e.g. back pain, appearance configuration, and mental health [8, 9]. Improving QoL might increase treatment compliance amongst scoliotic brace wearers, positi
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