Radiology of Osteoporosis

This second edition of Radiology of Osteoporosis has been fully updated so as to represent the current state of the art. It provides a comprehensive overview of osteoporosis, the pathologic conditions that give rise to osteoporosis, and the complications

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MEDICAL RADIOLOGY

Diagnostic Imaging A. L. Baert M. Knauth K. Sartor

Radiology of Osteoporosis 2nd Revised Edition Rank CTR ~v 3 Integrins

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S. Grampp Editor

H + ATPase Cathepsin K Metalloproteinases Mineralized Matrix

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Contents

MEDICAL RADIOLOGY

Diagnostic Imaging Editors: A. L. Baert, Leuven M. Knauth, Göttingen K. Sartor, Heidelberg

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Contents

S. Grampp (Ed.)

Radiology of Osteoporosis 2nd Revised Edition With Contributions by J. E. Adams · R. Barkmann · P. M. Bernecker · D. Diacinti · K. Engelke · H. K. Genant S. Grampp · R. Gruber · G. Guglielmi · G. Holzer · H. Imhof · M. Jergas · C. Krestan T. M. Link · M. Peterlik · P. Pietschmann · S. Prevrhal · H. Resch · C. van Kuijk R. R. van Rijn

Foreword by

A. L. Baert With 169 Figures in 225 Separate Illustrations, 15 in Color and 17 Tables

123

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Contents

Stephan Grampp, MD Univ. Dozent Dr. Grampp & Dr. Henk OEG Röntgenordination Lenaustrasse 23 2000 Stockerau Austria

Medical Radiology · Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation Oncology Series Editors: A. L. Baert · L. W. Brady · H.-P. Heilmann · M. Knauth · M. Molls · C. Nieder · K. Sartor Continuation of Handbuch der medizinischen Radiologie Encyclopedia of Medical Radiology

ISBN 978-3-540-25888-9

e-ISBN 978-3-540-68604-0

DOI 10.007 / b 136255 Medical Radiology · Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation Oncology ISSN 0942-5373 Library of Congress Control Number: 2005934451 ¤ 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitations, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publishers cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage and application contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature. Cover design and Typesetting: Verlagsservice Teichmann, Mauer Printed on acid-free paper 987654321 springer.com

Contents

Foreword

It is a great pleasure to introduce this second fully revised and updated edition of Radiology of Osteoporosis. The need for the publication of this second edition, only 4 years following the first edition, indicates the great interest among radiologists, and several other medical disciplines, in the d