Real-time watermark reconstruction for the identification of source information based on deep neural network
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Real‑time watermark reconstruction for the identification of source information based on deep neural network Rishi Sinhal1 · Irshad Ahmad Ansari1 · Deepak Kumar Jain2 Received: 22 March 2019 / Accepted: 7 December 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract A novel deep neural network-based image watermarking method is presented to identify the source of digital data that is shared/forwarded on the internet using various messenger apps. The app that is used to share/communicate the image at the very first time is also identified in the proposed method. The ten-digit mobile number of the source (user) and identification data of particular messenger app (i.e. WhatsApp, Snapchat, Kik, Facebook messenger, etc.) is combined to get the text watermark signal. The part of the watermark signal representing specific mobile-based messenger application is obtained by randomizing the Walsh orthogonal codes using secret keys. To embed the watermark, the host image (shared/forwarded) is divided into blocks of equal size and then, slantlet transform is applied on each block. To get high reliability, three copies of the source information (user and app) are embedded during watermark embedding. Watermark extraction is performed using trained multilayer deep neural network. Furthermore, an optimal block selection logic is used to get improved results for real-time applications. The method is examined against various signal-processing attacks and high robustness with significant imperceptibility is attained. The method is also found to be fast enough for real-time applications. The prime objective of identifying the first user (source) and the shared/forwarded status (app detection) is successfully accomplished. Keywords Real-time source detection · Watermark reconstruction · Forwarded message identification · App source detection · Deep neural network
1 Introduction At present, it is very common to use social media for several motives, such as to get the latest news about people, weather, state, world, political and financial issues, etc. or to be connected with relatives and friends, and to provide information to people, etc. Social media network is an easy * Irshad Ahmad Ansari [email protected] Rishi Sinhal [email protected] Deepak Kumar Jain [email protected] 1
Electronics and Communication Engineering, PDPM Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur 482005, MP, India
Key Laboratory of Intelligent Air‑Ground Cooperative Control for Universities in Chongqing, College of Automation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
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and economical way to spread information among people. Various messenger applications such as WhatsApp, Hike, Facebook Messenger, Tinder, etc. have a significant role in sharing and redistributing the information. According to [1], approximately two billion plus smartphone users are in the world at present. Such a widespread use of smartphones helps to download,
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