Reduced cadmium accumulation in tobacco by sodium chloride priming
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ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF ECOSYSTEMS
Reduced cadmium accumulation in tobacco by sodium chloride priming Jia-Shuo Yang 1,2 & Yanjiao Dai 3 & Yongjun Liu 2 & Shuhui Duan 2 & Yang-Yang Li 2 & Risheng Hu 2 & Zhicheng Zhou 2 & Yi Shi 1 & Haiwei Liu 1 & Shusheng Wang 1 Received: 24 October 2019 / Accepted: 29 April 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Cadmium (Cd) pollution threatens agricultural security worldwide. This study tested the efficacy of priming chemicals to decrease Cd uptake by tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum). After initial screening from nine different chemicals (NaCl, Cd(CH3COO)2, Cd(NO3)2, CdCl2, KHNO3, polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG-6000), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), ß-aminobutyric acid (BABA), and glutathione (GSH)), NaCl and PEG-6000 were further investigated because of their low risks to plant growth and efficiency to Cd reduction. Priming procedures (concentrations) were optimized for both chemicals and the best one (100 mM NaCl) was used to test both soil and hydroponic media. The results showed 31.3% lower Cd concentrations in shoots after priming with 100 mM NaCl. Phenotype parameters of the plants were also measured and showed no significant impacts of the priming procedures on the shoot biomass and the uptakes of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), nor the photosynthetic capacity (net photosynthesis rate (Pn) and chlorophyll concentration (SPAD)). Histological observations of the roots showed a significant increase of the stele diameter after NaCl priming and a subsequent negative correlation between shoot Cd concentration and stele diameter was found after NaCl priming at different levels. This study confirmed 100 mM NaCl as an efficient priming treatment to decrease Cd uptake and the coarsening of the root stele was identified as a potential explanation for the observed decrease of Cd in tobacco shoots. Keywords Cadmium accumulation . Priming procedure . Salinity . Histological observation . Stele coarsening
Introduction Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that is widespread in farmland soil (Liu et al. 2019) and easily accumulates in crops, where it ultimately causes severe health problems in humans
Responsible editor: Gangrong Shi * Jia-Shuo Yang [email protected] * Shusheng Wang [email protected] 1
Institute of Tobacco Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 11 Keyuanjingsi Road, Qingdao 266101, People’s Republic of China
2
Central-South Agricultural Experiment Station of China Tobacco, 628 Furong Road, Changsha 410004, People’s Republic of China
3
Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, 892 Yuanda Road, Changsha 410125, People’s Republic of China
(Satarug and Moore 2004). Actions have been taken to limit crop Cd accumulation using both breeding (Li et al. 2019) and genetic engineering (Liedschulte et al. 2017) approaches. Although several successful examples have been reported, they were always accompanied or followed by detrimental effects. It has been suggested that most plants have no sp
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