Reduced Thrust Take-Off of Large Passenger Aircraft Based on Derate Method
As the actual take-off weight of the aircraft is less than the maximum take-off weight, the technology which use thrust less than maximum take-off thrust for take-off is called reduced thrust take-off. Derate Method is one of the methods. In this paper, t
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Abstract As the actual take-off weight of the aircraft is less than the maximum take-off weight, the technology which use thrust less than maximum take-off thrust for take-off is called reduced thrust take-off. Derate Method is one of the methods. In this paper, the principle of reduced thrust take-off is analyzed, and process and limitation are studied, and principle and application conditions of Derate Method are analyzed. At last, the vertical control law of Derate Method Reduced Thrust Take-off is designed and simulated to a large commercial aircraft. The results show that, under the safe flight condition, Derate Method reduced thrust take-off reduces fuel consumption effectually and is very meaningful to improve economic. Keywords Reduced thrust takeoff • Derate method • Aircraft engine
1 Introduction During the flight of the large commercial aircraft, the take-off stage is one of the most important stage in the whole flight. It not only directly affects flight safety, but also has significant influence on the engine performance. Research further reducing the operating costs of airlines on the basis of meeting safety performance of take-off is an important issue faced by Civil Aviation [1–3]. Civil Aviation large transport aircraft mostly use the Reduced Thrust Take-off technology. Reduced Thrust Take-off is that aircraft use thrust less than normal engine thrust to take off on the premise to ensure the flight safety [4, 5].
X. Wang • H. Yin • Y. Zheng • R. Xie (*) School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China e-mail: [email protected] W. Wang (ed.), Mechatronics and Automatic Control Systems, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 237, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-01273-5_66, © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014
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This paper first describes the principle of Reduced Thrust Take-off, and then introduces the principle of Derate Method, and the example is simulated at last. Necessity to implement Reduced Thrust Take-off in large aircraft is analyzed with quantitative data.
2 Principle of Reduced Thrust Take-Off Reduced Thrust Take-off (known as flexible thrust take-off) is that aircraft use thrust less than normal engine thrust to take off on the premise to ensure the flight safety (meet to the requirements of the appropriate regulations).
2.1
Process of Reduced Thrust Take-Off
The take-off process of the aircraft is shown as Fig. 1. In the process of take-off, ground acceleration stage is from loosing brake to lifting the front wheel; take-off decision speed V1 is reached at some point of that stage; take-off cannot be interrupted when V1 is reached. The speed when lifting the front wheel refers to as VR , pilots should keep the nose about 8 in this stage until aircraft leave the ground. Then aircraft needs to accelerate to take-off safety speed. After climbing, the aircraft usually keeps speed ðV2 þ 10knÞ before it reaches enough height [6]. When the weight of the aircraft is less than weight limited by airport length, V1, V2 and VR w
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