Reducing Stress Concentration Around a Hole in a Thin-Wall Cylinder Subjected to Internal Pressure Using Piezoelectric P
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RESEARCH PAPER
Reducing Stress Concentration Around a Hole in a Thin‑Wall Cylinder Subjected to Internal Pressure Using Piezoelectric Patches S. M. R. Allahyari1 · S. Golabi1 Received: 20 April 2019 / Accepted: 25 September 2019 © Shiraz University 2019
Abstract Decreasing stress in a part or piece of equipment especially in a stress concentration point without increasing thickness or using stronger material is always an interesting issue for design engineers. In this paper, piezoelectric patches were used for stress concentration reduction around various hole sizes in thin-walled cylindrical shells subjected to internal pressure. Applied voltage to piezoelectric patches induces strain on both patch and part and alters stress flow on the part, leading to new distribution of stresses. Three dimensionless effective parameters that include hole and shell diameters as well as shell and piezo patch thicknesses were selected in this investigation. Ant colony optimization was utilized, and attachment of optimal arrangements of piezoelectric patches was derived for various numbers of piezoelectric patches. Using finite element analysis, it was shown that various combinations of these dimensionless parameters (R/t, tp/t and d/D) have different effects on reducing the maximum stress around the hole and up to 20% reduction on maximum stress was achieved during this research. Experimental tests were finally performed to verify finite element results. Keywords Ant colony optimization (ACO) · Cylindrical shell · Finite element · Piezoelectric patch · Stress concentration
1 Introduction The problem of stress concentration in pressurized cylinder with hole or opening has become crucially important due to stress concentration in a small area around the hole. This problem is observed in several engineering products such as aircraft fuselage, ship and submersible hull, boilers and pressure vessels (Mirzagoltabar 2014; Ramsey 1975; Lind 1968). These holes are used for passing stacks, piping, ducts, electrical wiring, etc. (Hsu et al. 2005). Many researchers have focused on stress concentration analysis in pressure vessels with hole and studied various methods of reducing these stresses (Fridman 1986; Kornecki 1966). Xue et al. (2010) presented an analytical method for nozzle placed on cylindrical vessel under internal pressure and external loads Xue et al. (2010). Kharat and Kulkarni (2013) investigated stress concentration around openings in pressure vessels. Mirzagoltabar (2014) studied various methods of stress reduction around holes and openings in shells * S. Golabi golabi‑[email protected] 1
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
and plates. He suggested a new method of reinforcement using the rules for construction of pressure vessels (ASME Committee on Pressure Vessels 2015). Lu et al. (2014) used a 2D axisymmetric model to determine the stress intensity at the intersection of nozzle to pressure vessel under internal pressure. FEA of a cylindrical shell with a large circular hole under to
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