Relative importance of pathologies in the severity of facade degradation
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(2020) 5:7
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Relative importance of pathologies in the severity of facade degradation Elton Bauer1 · Carla Bozzi Piazzarollo1 · Jéssica Siqueira de Souza1 · Danilo Gonçalves dos Santos1 Received: 26 August 2019 / Accepted: 2 January 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract The facade is the main protective barrier against the atmospheric agents acting in a building. Many times, as a result of these agents, the facade manifests pathologies that lead to the loss of performance of the external wall claddings. This article aims to establish and score the importance of the pathologies involved in the cement mortars rendering. The probable causes and the influence on the performance decrease over time are analyzed. The methodology is based on the survey and mapping of the pathologies observed in field survey, correlating these pathologies with probable causes and implications for the system performance. Among the active pathologies, cracks had both a higher intensity of occurrence and a greater gravity compared to the others. Some pathologies, such as detachment and efflorescence, although of great importance in the degradation, are little observed in the studied buildings. As a result, is presented a scale of importance of pathologies, which has great application for the development of facade degradation models. Keywords Pathologies · Facades · Degradation · Cement mortar · External wall claddings
1 Introduction In order to develop facade degradation models, it is neces‑ sary to quantify and classify the incidence of pathologies in a given sample. It is also important to define the rela‑ tive severity of the pathologies. Some pathologies affect the structural integrity of the facade, while others affect esthet‑ ics or water permeability. The problem is to define which criteria can be used for this severity weighting. Building facades are generally composed by either ceramic or concrete blocks, in which cement mortar is both used in the masonry and render. Evidently, this means that * Elton Bauer [email protected] Carla Bozzi Piazzarollo [email protected] Jéssica Siqueira de Souza [email protected] Danilo Gonçalves dos Santos [email protected] 1
Post‑Graduate Program in Structures and Civil Construction, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil
both mortars will have different functions, and, therefore, different characteristics, which in turn means a different answer to the degradation agents, namely in turns of ser‑ vice life, performance and pathologies [1–3]. The materials used in mortars directly influence the properties of the com‑ ponent, significantly altering the porosity, water transport, ductility or fragility of the material and consequently affect its performance [4–6]. Protecting the indoor climate against the outdoor condi‑ tions is one of the several function of a building’s facade. Thus, the climatic agents of degradation (solar radiation, driving rain, win
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