RETRACTED ARTICLE: Prediction microhardness profile of functionally graded steels by ANFIS
- PDF / 550,595 Bytes
- 12 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 82 Downloads / 164 Views
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Prediction microhardness profile of functionally graded steels by ANFIS Hamid Bohlooli • Ali Nazari • Mohammad Mehdi Kaykha
Received: 23 August 2011 / Accepted: 2 December 2011 / Published online: 28 December 2011 Springer-Verlag London Limited 2011
Abstract In the present study, the Vickers microhardness profile of ferritic and austenitic functionally graded steel produced by electroslag remelting process has been modeled by adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). To produce functionally graded steels, a spot-welded electrode that consists of two slices of plain carbon steel and austenitic stainless steel was used. Functionally graded steel containing graded layers of ferrite and austenite may be fabricated via diffusion of alloying elements during remelting stage. Vickers microhardness profile of the specimen has been obtained experimentally and modeled with ANFIS. To build the model for graded ferritic and austenitic steels, training, testing and validation using, respectively, 174 and 120 experimental data were conducted. According to the input parameters, the Vickers microhardness of each layer was predicted. The training, testing and validation results in the ANFIS models have shown a strong potential for predicting microhardness profile of both graded ferritic and austenitic steels. It was shown that the Vickers microhardness can be predicted by ANFIS in the range of the examined data. Keywords Chemical concentration Microhardness Adaptive network-based fuzzy inference systems ESR Ferritic FGS Austenitic FGS H. Bohlooli Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birjand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran A. Nazari (&) Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran e-mail: [email protected] M. M. Kaykha Young Researchers Club, Birjand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran
1 Introduction Functionally graded materials (FGM) possess properties that vary gradually with location within the material [1]. An FGM comprises a multi-phase material with volume fractions of the constituents varying gradually in a predetermined (designed) profile, thus yielding a nonuniform microstructure in the material with continuously graded properties [2]. There are not enough studies on the plastic behavior of FGMs. Among these few works, most of the researchers have been modeled their work with the aid of conventional flow theories which are the one of the best tools that has ever proposed. For example, some of them have tried to use J2 flow theory [3–5], but the empirical investigations have not been linked to the obtained results because of the difficulty of FGMs fabrication. Okolednik [6] although has used J integral concept to model several materials with yield stress gradient, his studies were not confirmed by the experimental results. One of the FGMs with elastic–plastic behavior is functionally graded steel (FGS), which have recently been produced from austenitic stainless steel and carbon steel using electr
Data Loading...
