Ribosomes
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CELLULAR ORGANELLES Series Editor: PHILIP SIEKEVITZ Rockefeller University, New York, New York
CHLOROPLASTS J. Kenneth Hoober CYTOSKELETON Alexander D. Bershadsky and Juri M. Vasiliev LYSOSOMES Eric Holtzman MITOCHONDRIA Alexander Tzagoloff RIBOSOMES Alexander S. Spirin
Ribosomes Alexander S. Spirin Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow, Russia
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS NEW YORK, BOSTON, DORDRECHT, LONDON , MOSCOW
eBook ISBN: Print ISBN:
0-306-46815-8 0-306-46145-5
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Preface This book is based on an advanced course of lectures on ribosome structure and protein biosynthesis that I offer at the Moscow State University. These lectures have been part of a general course on molecular biology for almost three decades, and they have undergone considerable evolution as knowledge has been progressing in this field. The progress continues, and readers should be prepared that some facts, statements, and ideas included in the book may be incomplete or outof-date. In any case, this is primarily a textbook, but not a comprehensive review. It provides a background of knowledge and current ideas in the field and gives examples of observations and their interpretations. I understand that some interpretations and generalizations may be tentative or disputable, but I hope that this will stimulate thinking and discussing better than if I left white spots, The book has a prototype: it is my monograph “Ribosome Structure and Protein Biosynthesis” published by the Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Menlo Park, California, in 1986. Here I have basically kept the former order of presentation of the topics and the subdivision into chapters. The contents of the chapters, however, have been significantly revised and supplemented. The newly written chapters on translational control in prokaryotes (Chapter 16) and eukaryotes (Chapter 17) are added. The chapters on morphology of the ribosome (Chapter 5), ribosomal RNA (Chapter 6), and cotranslational folding and transmembrane transport of proteins (Chapter 18) are completely rewritten in the co-authorship with Dr. V. D. Vasiliev, Prof. A. A. Bogdanov, and Prof, V. N. Luzikov, respectively. The concluding chapter on general principles of ribosome structure and function is appended. The literature references in this book, as in the previous one, are given mainly for teaching purposes, so the reference lists at the end of each chapter are far from complete. To give an insight into the histories of discoveries I cited preferentially pioneer studies in the fields discussed. To provide information on the present state of
