Safe driving behaviors among taxi drivers: a predictive cross-sectional study based on the health belief model
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RESEARCH
Open Access
Safe driving behaviors among taxi drivers: a predictive cross-sectional study based on the health belief model Sakineh Dadipoor1, Vahid Ranaei2, Mohtasham Ghaffari3, Sakineh Rakhshanderou4 and Ali Safari-Moradabadi5*
Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to predict safe driving behaviors among taxi drivers of Tehran based on the constructs of health belief model. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 450 taxi drivers in Tehran using multi-stage sampling. Data were analyzed through SPSS software version 18 using Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression analysis. The P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among the constructs of health belief model, perceived severity, perceived benefits and self-efficacy, had significant and direct relationship and perceived barriers had a significant and reverse relationship with safe driving behaviors. According to the results, the constructs of health belief model predicted 17.3% of safe driving behaviors. Self-efficacy was the strongest determinant of safety behaviors (0.362 CI 0.098–0.625). Conclusions: Increasing self-efficacy, reducing perceived barriers and highlighting benefits for the purpose of accepting safe behaviors can be considered as a principle in driving education and training. Also, increasing the perceived severity of adverse outcomes of RTAs and the susceptibility to these outcomes will lead to higher levels of safe driving behaviors. Keywords: Taxi drivers, Safety, Behavior
Background Every year, nearly 1.2 million people die and more than 50 million people get injured as a result of road traffic accidents (RTA). Ninety percent of these figures belong to the low or middle income countries [1]. Several studies have shown that human factors, which are known as hazardous or unsafe behaviors, play a vital role in road traffic accidents [2–4]. A wide range of these behaviors has been reported in various studies that includes driving behaviors (such as violation of driving rules and speed limit) and disturbance in driving skills (such as fatigue, lack of * Correspondence: [email protected] 5 Student Research Committee, School of Public Health and safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
concentration and physical disabilities, etc.) [5]. Among other unsafe behaviors that can lead to RTAs are drink driving, non-use of seatbelts while driving, and mobile phone calls while driving [6, 7]. Knowledge, belief, and attitude toward high risk driving behaviors and driving experience are also important aspects of hazardous behaviors [8–10]. In Iran, due to the state of public transportation, taxis play a key role in the urban transportation market and provide appropriate services for passengers. According to the statistics of Traffic and Transportation Institute of Tehran municipality, the share of public transportation in urban trips in the city of Tehran is about 48.9% fro
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