Sampling Procedures to Detect Mycotoxins in Agricultural Commodities
Adherence to regulatory limits for mycotoxins in agricultural commodities is important to safeguard consumers and to permit trade in affected commodities across international borders. Reliable estimates of mycotoxin concentrations are required to implemen
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Sampling Procedures to Detect Mycotoxins in Agricultural Commodities
Sampling Procedures to Detect Mycotoxins in Agricultural Commodities
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Thomas B. Whitaker • Andrew B. Slate M. Bruno Doko • Britt M. Maestroni Andrew Cannavan
Sampling Procedures to Detect Mycotoxins in Agricultural Commodities
Thomas B. Whitaker US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC 27695-7625 USA [email protected] Andrew B. Slate Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC 27695-7625 USA [email protected] M. Bruno Doko Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Wagramer Strasse 5 P.O. Box 100, A1400 Vienna Austria [email protected]
Britt M. Maestroni Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Wagramer Strasse 5 P.O. Box 100, A1400 Vienna Austria [email protected] Andrew Cannavan Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Wagramer Strasse 5 P.O. Box 100, A1400 Vienna Austria [email protected]
ISBN 978-90-481-9633-3 e-ISBN 978-90-481-9634-0 DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-9634-0 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2010936360 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Cover illustration: “Milling a maize sample for fumonisin analysis” taken in the Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory, IAEA, Vienna, Austria Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preamble
The occurrence of mycotoxins in agricultural commodities has significant implications for the health of the consumer. Because of this, many countries have introduced regulatory limits for various mycotoxins in a range of products. Adherence to these limits is important to safeguard the consumer and also to permit trade in the affected commodities across international borders. Effective schemes to test for the presence and concentration of mycotoxins depend not only upon sound analytical methods, but also on sampling plans designed to ensure that the results of analysis of laboratory samples reflect, as accurately as possible, the overall concentrations in consignments or lots of produce, and to provide a good estimate of the variability or uncertainty associated with the analytical results. The results can
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