Sino-Mexican Economic and Trade Relations
Firstly, this chapter reviews Sino-Mexican trade and economic relations since the mid-16th century, that can be divided into four stages. The first stage is before the normalization of diplomatic relations between Mexico and the PRC, the second stage ends
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Sino-Mexican Economic and Trade Relations
Abstract Firstly, this chapter reviews Sino-Mexican trade and economic relations since the mid-16th century, that can be divided into four stages. The first stage is before the normalization of diplomatic relations between Mexico and the PRC, the second stage ends before China becomes a member of the WTO, the third stage is from the start of China’s WTO entry to the world financial crisis in 2008, and finally, the last stage is from then on to the present. We also consider the challenges China brings to Mexico in the biggest Mexican foreign market—the U.S. market. Secondly, we present some potential challenges in the economic cooperation between China and Mexico. We illustrate the internal obstacles in China, including concerns on the quality of Chinese made products, responsibility of Chinese companies in protecting the environment, Chinese investment in sensitive sectors and worries about China’s recent economic down turn, etc., which may hinder China’s investment in Mexico. Finally, we summarize the contributions of the book and provide some policy suggestions. Keywords Sino-Mexican and external factors
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Trade relations Challenges Cooperation Internal
Four Stages of Development
The development of Sino-Mexican trade relations can be divided into four stages. The first stage is before 1973. Commerce between China and Mexico was opened up by the Spanish in the mid-16th century. The Spanish merchant’s conveyance (Manila Galleons) reached the Philippines in the east. Over there, they exchanged gemstone and silver that they exploited from Mexico and South America with Chinese silk and porcelain; then, they shipped the goods back to Acapulco, Mexico (Duiker and Spielvogel 2009). Chinese immigrants first arrived in 1875 as contract workers, constructing the railway connecting Mexico City and El Paso. Some of them stayed in Mexico after finishing their work. The first trade agreement between China and Mexico was signed on December 14, 1899, by the ambassador of the © The Author(s) 2017 Y. Liu and L. Zhao, Sino-Mexican Trade Relations, Kobe University Social Science Research Series, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-4660-5_2
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2 Sino-Mexican Economic and Trade Relations
Qing government in the U.S., Mr. Wu Tingfang, and the Ambassador of Mexico in the U.S., Mr. Asbilos, signing the Treaty of Amity and Commerce (Zhang 1992). According to the Archivo General de la Administración, in 1904, there were only 8000 Chinese inhabitants living in Mexico; in the 1930s, it increased to 40,000. After the founding of the PRC in 1949, the Republic of China (Taiwan) maintained its foreign relations with Mexico until the beginning of the 1970s. Then, Luis Echeverría, President of Mexico (1970–1976), shifted foreign policy by enhancing relations with “third world” countries. On February 14, 1972, China and Mexico established diplomatic relations. The first Mexican Ambassador to China, Eugenio Anguiano Roch, presented the credentials on Aug. 5th, 1972, to the PRC’s Chairman, Mao Zedong, and offici
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