Smart Electromobility: Interactive ecosystem of research, innovation, engineering, and entrepreneurship
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Smart Electromobility: Interactive ecosystem of research, innovation, engineering, and entrepreneurship Luis A. Curiel-Ramirez1,2 · Ricardo A. Ramirez-Mendoza1 · M. Rogelio Bustamante-Bello1 Ruben Morales-Menendez1 · Jose Alfredo Galvan1 · Jorge de J. Lozoya-Santos1
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Received: 23 July 2020 / Accepted: 29 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The development of large cities and the increased demand for mobility in them has required improvements and changes in the way we transport ourselves. This change has generated new urban mobility environments, some more efficient than others, depending on the country, culture, and society in which it develops. Besides, in these times of rapid exponential changes, it is useful to have informal and unstructured organizations that help generate an open and interactive ecosystem for the exchange of ideas and the flow of information that founded and strengthened innovation projects. This article describes the different actors whose role is relevant in an Interactive Ecosystem of Research, Innovation, Engineering and Entrepreneurship to generate consensus on common objectives related to the deep and positive transformation of society. This article aims to contribute to the debate and reflection on one of the main socio-technical systems, the smart electromobility in emerging countries. In particular, we will discuss the case of Mexico in-depth, but we will review some other efforts that have been occurring in other emerging countries. A conceptual model and framework is proposed to address in a systematic and Interactive way the Research, Innovation, Engineering and Entrepreneurship Ecosystem of Electromobility. Graphic Abstract
Keywords Smart mobility · Electromobility · Electric vehicles (EV) · Research ecosystem · R&D · Innovation framework
1 Introduction
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Ricardo A. Ramirez-Mendoza [email protected]
1
School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
2
Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
A smart city is a data-driven city, one in which municipal leaders and citizens have an increasingly sophisticated understanding of conditions in the areas they oversee and live in, including the urban transportation system. In the past, regulators used questionnaires and surveys to map user needs. Now, leaders can connect the dots about people, places, and prod-
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International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM)
ucts using a vast array of data from the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and other digital technologies. Using this information, they can gain a more accurate picture in a much shorter time frame at a lower cost to more proactively develop informed decisions [20,35,41]. Nevertheless, leaders need to gather the right data, ask the right questions, and focus on where cities should go tomorrow when designing and implementing a long-term vision for future mobility. In dozens of
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