Smartphone Use and Psychological Well-being: the Moderating Role of Emotion Regulation
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Smartphone Use and Psychological Well-being: the Moderating Role of Emotion Regulation Amanda Borges Fortes 1 & Patricia Liebesny Broilo 1 & Carolina Saraiva de Macedo Lisboa 1 Accepted: 12 October 2020/ # Associação Brasileira de Psicologia 2020
Abstract Smartphones have become a seemingly indispensable device in everyday life. Although research on this phenomenon has mostly investigated the intensive use of smartphones as a risky behavior, recent studies suggest that different types of use can lead to positive outcomes. This study investigated the moderating role of emotion regulation in the association between smartphone use and functional impairment, and between smartphone use and psychological well-being, besides exploring moderating effects of types of smartphone use. A total of 308 individuals participated in an online survey. Participants responded to standardized measures of emotion regulation strategies, psychological well-being, and functional impairment, and reported on their smartphone use including actual hours of use recorded on their smartphone. As expected, smartphone use was negatively associated with psychological well-being; however, cognitive reappraisal presented a moderating effect, weakening this relationship. When cognitive reappraisal was associated with use for communication, this negative relationship was even weaker. On the other hand, while smartphone use was positively associated with functional impairment, emotion suppression presented a moderating effect, strengthening this relationship. And when emotion suppression was associated with use for entertainment, this association became even stronger. The findings demonstrate that implications of smartphone use vary according to types of use and emotion regulation strategies. Keywords Smartphone use . Psychological well-being . Emotion regulation . Emotion * Amanda Borges Fortes Patricia Liebesny Broilo [email protected] Carolina Saraiva de Macedo Lisboa [email protected]
1
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Trends in Psychology
Introduction The use of smartphones has become a part of everyday activities, both in developed and developing countries. The percentage of people who report owning a smartphone has increased to over 72% of the adult population in the USA, 71% in Spain, and over 88% in South Korea. In emerging economies such as Turkey, Chile, and Brazil, these rates have skyrocketed in the last few years (Poushter 2016). In Brazil, for example, while internet access continually increases, the percentage of people who report accessing it exclusively through their smartphones has recently surpassed the percentage of people who also access it through computers (Cetic – Regional Center for Studies on the Development of the Information Society 2018), reflecting the increasing smartphone use in modern times. Current literature regarding the global increase of smartphone use highlights the potential harm of this phenomenon on mental health (
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