SOCRADES: A Web Service Based Shop Floor Integration Infrastructure
On the one hand, enterprises manufacturing any kinds of goods require agile production technology to be able to fully accommodate their customers’ demand for flexibility. On the other hand, Smart Objects, such as networked intelligent machines or tagged r
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bstract. On the one hand, enterprises manufacturing any kinds of goods require agile production technology to be able to fully accommodate their customers’ demand for flexibility. On the other hand, Smart Objects, such as networked intelligent machines or tagged raw materials, exhibit ever increasing capabilities, up to the point where they offer their smart behaviour as web services. The two trends towards higher flexibility and more capable objects will lead to a service-oriented infrastructure where complex processes will span over all types of systems — from the backend enterprise system down to the Smart Objects. To fully support this, we present SOCRADES, an integration architecture that can serve the requirements of future manufacturing. SOCRADES provides generic components upon which sophisticated production processes can be modelled. In this paper we in particular give a list of requirements, the design, and the reference implementation of that integration architecture.
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Introduction
In the manufacturing domain, constant improvements and innovation in the business processes are key factors in order to keep enterprises competitive in the market. Manufacturing businesses are standing on the brink of a new era, one that will considerably transform the way business processes are handled. With the introduction of ubiquitous computing in the shop floor1 , an entirely new dynamic network of networked devices can be created - an Internet of Things (IoT) for manufacturing. The Internet of Things is a concept which first appeared shortly after 2000. Until now, several approaches to describe the IoT have been undertaken of which most have focused on RFID technologies and their application ([5,13]). Only recently new technologies such as Smart Embedded Devices and Sensor Networks have entered the scene and can be considered as part of the IoT [11]. 1
In manufacturing the shop floor is the location where machines are located and products produced.
C. Floerkemeier et al. (Eds.): IOT 2008, LNCS 4952, pp. 50–67, 2008. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2008
SOCRADES: A Web Service Based Shop Floor Integration Infrastructure
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Smart Embedded Devices are embedded electronic systems which can sense their internal state and are able to communicate it through data networks. In contrast to this, Sensor Networks not only can measure internal states of their nodes, but also external states of the environment. We group these three technologies - RFID, Smart Embedded Devices, and Sensor Networks - under the notion Smart Objects. Smart Objects are the nerve cells which are interconnected through the Internet and thus build the IoT. For RFID alone it has been shown that it opens fundamentally new ways of executing business processes, and the technology has already been adopted by several key players in the industry. Therefore the focus of this paper lays on Smart Embedded Devices and Sensor Networks and their effects on automatic business process execution. Although client-server architectures still play an important role in the fi
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