Src Family Protein Kinase Controls the Fate of B Cells in Autoimmune Diseases
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REVIEW
Src Family Protein Kinase Controls the Fate of B Cells in Autoimmune Diseases Xianzheng Zhang,1 Dan Mei,1 Lingling Zhang ,1,2 and Wei Wei1,2
(Received May 1, 2020; accepted September 30, 2020)
Abstract— There are more than 80 kinds of autoimmune diseases known at present, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as well as other disorders. Autoimmune diseases have a characteristic of immune responses directly attacking own tissues, leading to systematic inflammation and subsequent tissue damage. B cells play a vital role in the development of autoimmune diseases and differentiate into plasma cells or memory B cells to secrete highaffinity antibody or provide long-lasting function. Drugs targeting B cells show good therapeutic effects for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as rituximab (anti-CD20 antibody). Src family protein kinases (SFKs) are believed to play important roles in a variety of cellular functions such as growth, proliferation, and differentiation of B cell via B cell antigen receptor (BCR). Lck/Yes-related novel protein tyrosine kinase (LYN), BLK (B lymphocyte kinase), and Fyn are three different kinds of SFKs mainly expressed in B cells. LYN has a dual role in the BCR signal. On the one hand, positive signals are beneficial to the development and maturation of B cells. On the other hand, LYN can also inhibit excessively activated B cells. BLK is involved in the proliferation, differentiation, and immune tolerance of B lymphocytes, and further affects the function of B cells, which may lead to autoreactive or regulatory cellular responses, increasing the risk of autoimmune diseases. Fyn may affect the development of autoimmune disorders via the differentiation of B cells in the early stage of B cell development. This article reviews the recent advances of SFKs in B lymphocytes in autoimmune diseases. KEY WORDS: Src family kinases; B lymphocytes; B cell antigen receptor; autoimmune diseases.
1
Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China 2 To whom correspondence should be addressed at Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Antiinflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China. E-mails: [email protected]; [email protected]
INTRODUCTION Autoimmune diseases comprise at least 80 disorders [1], such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) [2, 3], with the characteristic of immune responses directly attacking own tissues, leading to systematic inflammation and subsequent tissue
0360-3997/20/0000-0001/0 # 2020 Sprin
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