Stage 2
In stage 2 the inclusion body pathology remains confined to the medulla oblon-gata and pontine tegmentum. The lesions in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagal nerve and intermediate reticular zone increase (Fig. 22) and the disease process passes beyond t
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tomy, Embryology and Cell Biology
Editors F. Beck, Melbourne . F. Clascá, Madrid M. Frotscher, Freiburg . D.E. Haines, Jackson N. Hirokawa, Tokyo . Z. Kmiec, Gdansk H.-W. Korf, Frankfurt . E. Marani, Enschede R. Putz, München . Y. Sano, Kyoto T.H. Schiebler, Würzburg J.-P. Timmermans, Antwerpen
Heiko Braak and Kelly Del Tredici
Neuroanatomy and Pathology of Sporadic Parkinson’s Disease With 29 Figures
Kelly Del Tredici Institute for Clinical Neuroanatomy Goethe University Frankfurt Theodor Stern Kai 7 60590 Frankfurt am Main Germany e-mail: [email protected]
Heiko Braak Institute for Clinical Neuroanatomy Goethe University Frankfurt Theodor Stern Kai 7 60590 Frankfurt am Main Germany e-mail: [email protected]
ISSN 0301-5556 ISBN 978-3-540-79849-1
e-ISBN 978-3-540-79850-7
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008932111 © 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publishers cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage and application contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature. Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com
List of Contents
1 1.1 1.2
Prologue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sPD and Parkinsonism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sPD Is a Proteinopathy Linked to the Development of Abnormal Intraneuronal Inclusions (Lewy Pathology: Lewy Neurites, Lewy bodies, Lewy plaques) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 2
2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.3.3 2.3.4 2.4 2.5
Morphology of Lewy Pathology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Protein α-Synuclein . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Protein Misfolding and Abnormal Aggregation of α-Synuclein . . . . . . . . . . . Light Microscopic Visualization of Lewy Pathology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lewy Neurites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
