Stages of the Process of Synthesis of Titanium Carbosilicide from Plain Elements by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS)
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NICAL INFORMATION UDC 666.762: 621.762
STAGES OF THE PROCESS OF SYNTHESIS OF TITANIUM CARBOSILICIDE FROM PLAIN ELEMENTS BY SPARK PLASMA SINTERING (SPS) N. V. Sevost’yanov,1 I. Yu. Efimochkin,1 O. V. Basargin,1 and N. P. Burkovskaya1 Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 3, pp. 55 – 59, March, 2020.
Titanium carbosilicide is synthesized by the method of spark plasma sintering (SPS) from a powder mixture of plain elements (Ti, Si, C). The stages of the synthesis process are considered, i.e., pressing of the powder mixture, melting of the constituents, chemical reactions, and phase transformations. The materials synthesized at 1000, 1300, 1500 and 1600°C are studied by the methods of phase, diffraction, and microscopic x-ray spectrum analysis. It is shown that 1600°C is a critical temperature causing total disintegration of titanium carbosilicide in the material.
Key words: titanium carbosilicide synthesis, spark plasma sintering, structure, MAX-phase.
INTRODUCTION
Characteristic
Density, g/cm3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 – 4.5 Ultimate compressive strength, MPa . . . . . . 900 (25°C), 300 (1300°C) Shear modulus G, GPa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 – 142 Young’s modulus Y, GPa . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333 – 339 Ultimate bending strength, MPa . . . . . . . . . . 260 ± 20 Ultimate tensile strength, MPa . . . . . . . . . 200 (25 °C), 12 (1300 °C) Crack resistance, MPa × m1/2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Poisson ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.20 Microhardness HV, GPa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 Thermal conductivity, W/(m × K). . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 TCLE, K – 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 × 10 – 6 Heat capacity, J/(mole × K) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Conductivity, W – 1 × m – 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 × 106
Advancement of engineering is unthinkable without novel materials, processes of their production and applications. The physical, mechanical, functional and technological properties of the materials developed should meet very strict requirements, be available, power-saving and ecological, and have a reasonable cost [1 – 3]. Materials based on MAX-phases attract the attention of specialists due to the combination of metallic and ceramic properties. MAX-phases belong to a family of ternary compounds with formal stoichiometry Mn+1AXn (n = 1, 2, 3, ...), where M is a transition d-metal, A is a p-element (for example, Si, Ge, Al, S, or Sn), and X is carbon or nitrogen [4]. The uniqueness of the properties of the ternary compounds of MAX-phases is a result of their layered structure [4]. The most promising material among MAX-phases is Ti3SiC2 titanium carbosilicide. It has a unique combination of low density, high characteristics of thermal and electrical conduction and strength, low elastic modulus and thermal expansion factor, high corrosion resistance in aggressive environments, resistance to high-temperature oxidation and thermal impacts, appropriate melting temperature, and good machinability. T
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