State-of-the-art of intelligent minimally invasive surgical robots
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REVIEW
State-of-the-art of intelligent minimally invasive surgical robots Masakatsu G. Fujie, Bo Zhang (
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Future Robotics Organization, Waseda University, Tokyo 1620044, Japan; Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
© The Author(s) 2020. This article is published with open access at link.springer.com and journal.hep.com.cn 2020
Abstract A number of developed countries are rapidly turning into super-aged societies. Consequently, the demand for reduced surgical invasiveness and enhanced efficiency in the medical field has increased due to the need to reduce the physical burden on older patients and shorten their recovery period. Intelligent surgical robot systems offer high precision, high safety, and reduced invasiveness. This paper presents a review of current intelligent surgical robot systems. The history of robots and three types of intelligent surgical robots are discussed. The problems with current surgical robot systems are then analyzed. Several aspects that should be considered in designing new surgical systems are discussed in detail. The paper ends with a summary of the work and a discussion of future prospects for surgical robot development. Keywords
robot history; medical robot; surgical robot; radiofrequency ablation; organ model
Introduction Personal robots have long been expected to be used in practical applications. However, this expectation has yet to materialize because of two factors. First, no actual market for such robots exists despite the society’s growing need for them. Second, the required peripheral technology and maintenance of the social infrastructure are insufficient and do not allow robots to play an active role. For robots to operate effectively as partners to humans, they must be well integrated into parts of social systems. Appropriate preparations have been made in the 21st century. A strong demand also exists for real robots to act as good human partners in many fields, including robot-assisted surgeries. Most developed countries and a number of developing countries, such as China, are now facing the problem of aging populations [1–3]. Increasing numbers of elderly people mean a relative reduction in the number of available assistants. Health and security are the top concerns of developed countries with rapidly aging populations. The development of the industry required to achieve these health and security aims is considered promising. The development of specialized medical aid equipment has enabled bedridden patients, wheelchair users, and other
Received July 18, 2019; accepted December 18, 2019 Correspondence: Bo Zhang, [email protected]
types of patients to live independent and rewarding lives. The use of new surgical equipment also reduce pain and improve patients’ subsequent quality of life. The increase in the elderly population has expanded the market for robots, and much technological progress has been achieved in the past 30 years. Therefore, the potential use of medica
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