Stimulated radar collider for probing gravitationally weak coupling pseudo Nambu-Goldstone bosons
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Springer
Received: March Revised: July Accepted: July Published: September
11, 21, 24, 15,
2020 2020 2020 2020
Kensuke Hommaa,b,1 and Yuri Kiritab a
Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan b Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: We propose a stimulated pulsed-radar collider to directly produce pseudo Nambu-Goldstone bosons as candidates for dark components in the Universe and simultaneously induce the decay by mixing two radar beams. We have extended formulae for stimulated resonant photon-photon scattering in a quasi-parallel collision system by including fully asymmetric collision cases. With a pulse energy of 100 J in the GHz-band, for instance, which is already achieved by an existing klystron, we expect that the modelindependent sensitivity can reach gravitationally weak coupling domains at a mass range 10−7 –10−6 eV, if two key technological issues are resolved: pulse compression in time reaching the Fourier transform limit, and single-photon counting for GHz-band photons. Such testing might extend the present horizon of particle physics. Keywords: Dark matter, Other experiments, Photon production, Exotics ArXiv ePrint: 1909.00983
1
Corresponding author.
c The Authors. Open Access, Article funded by SCOAP3 .
https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP09(2020)095
JHEP09(2020)095
Stimulated radar collider for probing gravitationally weak coupling pseudo Nambu-Goldstone bosons
Contents 1
2 Concept of stimulated pulsed-radar collider
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3 Expected sensitivity
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4 Conclusion
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A Formulae for the fully asymmetric stimulated resonance photon-photon scattering in a quasi-parallel collision system A.1 Lorentz-invariant transition amplitude in the sea of coherent fields A.2 Kinematics in asymmetric-incident and non-coaxial geometry in QPS A.3 Lorentz-invariant scattering amplitude including a resonance state A.4 Evaluation of signal yield in stimulated resonant scattering A.4.1 Properties of a Gaussian beam in vacuum A.4.2 Integrated inducible volume-wise interaction rate, ΣI A.4.3 Spacetime overlapping factor with an inducing beam, DI
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9 9 14 15 17 19 21 23
Introduction
Since Rutherford’s experiment, the observation of quantum scattering processes caused by colliding energetic charged particles has unveiled deeper layers of nature at the microscopic. With knowledge gleaned from these particle collisions, the Standard Model (SM) of elementary particles is now almost confirmed, with the recent discovery of the Higgs boson providing another point of evidence for the SM. However, the SM is still unsatisfactory when trying to quantitatively understand the profile of the energy density of the universe as evaluated from macroscopic gravitational observables through curvatures in spacetime. In particular, atoms consisting of elements in the SM can explain only ∼ 5% of the observed energy densit
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