Structural characterization of the DRF1 gene of Aegilops speltoides and comparison of its sequence with those of B and o
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Structural characterization of the DRF1 gene of Aegilops speltoides and comparison of its sequence with those of B and other Triticeae genomes Karthikeyan Thiyagarajan . Arianna Latini . Cristina Cantale . Patrizia Galeffi
Received: 24 February 2020 / Accepted: 13 August 2020 Ó The Author(s) 2020
Abstract The genus Aegilops L. has been intensively investigated due to its close relationship with wheat (Triticum L.) as contributor of B and D subgenomes. Because of their vast genetic diversity, Aegilops species represent a rich source of alleles of agronomic interest, which could be used to widen the wheat gene pool and improve tolerance to diseases, pests, drought, cold and other environmental stresses. We report the isolation and characterization of the Dehydration Responsive Factor 1 (DRF1) gene in three accessions of Ae. speltoides coming from different regions of the Fertile Crescent. The DRF1 gene belongs to the DREB gene family and encodes transcription factors which play a key role in plant response to water stress. As in other cereals, the DRF1 gene in Aegilops speltoides consists of four exons and
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-020-02679-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. K. Thiyagarajan A. Latini C. Cantale P. Galeffi (&) Casaccia Research Centre, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy e-mail: [email protected] K. Thiyagarajan CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center), Apartado Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico, DF, Mexico
three introns and undergoes alternative splicing. A processed pseudogene was also identified and compared with the sequence of an actual mRNA transcript, breaking new ground in the understanding of the complex regulation mechanism of this gene. The genetic diversity was evaluated by comparison of inter- and intra-species variation among some Aegilops and Triticeae, by considering both the whole gene and exon 4 sequences. The phylogenetic analyses were able to cluster the sequences in well-supported clades attributable to the genomes analysed. The overall results suggest that there is a high similarity between the B and S genome copies of the DRF1 gene but also features indicating that the two genomes have evolved independently. Keywords Aegilops speltoides Dehydration Responsive Factor 1 (DRF1) gene Genetic diversity Phylogenetic analysis Pseudogene Abbreviations AP2 Apetala 2 AS Alternative splicing mechanism DREB Dehydration responsive element binding factor DRF1 Dehydration responsive factor 1 ERF Ethylene-responsive element binding factor GP-2 Secondary gene pool PTC Premature termination codon SSR Simple sequence repeat
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TF Aes Aesl Aess At Ta Td
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Transcription Factor Ae. speltoides Ae. speltoides ssp. ligustica Ae. speltoides ssp. speltoides A. thaliana T. aestivum L. T. d
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