Studies on characterization, magnetic and electrochemical properties of nano-size pure and mixed ternary transition meta
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Studies on characterization, magnetic and electrochemical properties of nano-size pure and mixed ternary transition metal ferrites prepared by the autocombustion method M. Khairy1,2,a), W. A. Bayoumy1, S. S. Selima1, M. A. Mousa1 1
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 2
Received: 26 March 2020; accepted: 20 July 2020
Nanocrystallites of pure and mixed ternary ferrites, NiFe2O4 (NiF), CuFe2O4 (CuF), CoFe2O4 (CoF), Ni0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 (CuNiF), Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4 (NiCoF), and Cu0.5Co0.5Fe2O4 (CuCoF) were prepared using the auto-combustion method employing urea as a fuel. The obtained materials were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron miscroscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and BET techniques. The elemental composition of the prepared samples was checked by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. XRD indicated that the as-synthesized samples exhibit a pure spinel crystal structure. The samples have crystallite sizes ranged from 12 to 47 nm. SEM and TEM analyses showed almost spherical morphology for all ferrite particles. The M–H curves recorded using the VSM (vibrating sample magnetometer) technique showed ferromagnetic hysteresis loop for all the samples investigated. The ferrite samples were tested to be used as a supercapacitor electrode material. It is found that the measured specific capacitance of the ferrite electrodes increases according to CuCoF > NiCoF > CoF > NiCuF > CuF > NiF. The CuCoF sample showed the greatest specific capacitance of 220 F/g at discharging current density l of A/g with, an energy density of 34.72 Wh/kg and power density of 605 W/kg. The magnetic properties were also measured for the obtained nanoparticles.
Introduction Ferrite nanoparticles have drawn significant consideration and a lot of works continue to study them due to their significance in the high-density information storage, microwave industries, ferrofluids, catalysis, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic refrigeration systems, etc. [1,2]. The mixed spinel ferrites have the common formula of (M2+ 1−x Fe3+ x )A [Mx Fe3+ 2−x ]B O4 , which represent tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) sites, respectively, M symbolizes ions of divalent, and x signifies the inversion extent (outlined the portion of the sites of (A) engaged by Fe3+ ion). The motivating and advantageous of ferrites magnetic properties hang on the selection of divalent cations and their spreading between tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) sites of the spinel matrix [3,4,5]. The distribution of cations based on numerous aspects, such as ionic radii and electronic configuration. This allocation has a considerable effect on the
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microstructure and the physical properties of the ferrites and in turn th
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