Study on the optimal operation mode of ventilation system during metro double-island platform fire
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Study on the optimal operation mode of ventilation system during metro double-island platform fire
1. Institute of Public Safety Research, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 2. Beijing Key Laboratory of City Integrated Emergency Response Science, Beijing 100084, China
Abstract
Keywords
Large metro transfer stations have been widely constructed in China, among which the double-island station faces the serious fire safety issues owing to its large passenger flow. In this paper, simulation cases were carried out to investigate the effectiveness of different ventilation modes by jointly operating tunnel ventilation fan (TVF) and platform screen doors (PSD) under two typical fire scenarios in the platform. The numerical model was established by Fire Dynamics Simulator software and verified via reduced-scale model experiments. The results indicate that the TVF mode of supplying at the end near fire and exhausting at the other end is superior to that of exhausting at both ends. Besides, activating more PSD and TVF on the both sides of platform will restrict smoke in one end to the greater extent. During a fire in the middle of the platform, opening all PSD near tunnel-2 and TVF in tunnel-2 and tunnel-3 is the most appropriate mode. While during a fire at the left end of the platform, activating all PSD and TVF on both sides is the optimal operation mode. The conclusions can provide guidance for smoke control design and on-site emergency ventilation operation in double-island platform fire.
metro,
Research Article
Zeng Long1,2, Yuxuan Yang1, Chang Liu1, Maohua Zhong1 ()
double-island platform, fire, ventilation mode, numerical simulation, model experiment
Article History Received: 10 March 2020 Revised: 09 July 2020 Accepted: 16 July 2020 © Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
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Introduction
E-mail: [email protected]
Indoor/Outdoor Airflow and Air Quality
Recently urban rail traffic has been developed in China, and quantities of metro lines and stations have been constructed to meet the requirements of passengers, with the quick increase of the passenger flow volume per day especially in the metropolis. In 2019, the average daily passenger flow of 15 cities exceeded 1 million, of which the volume was over 10 million in Beijing and Shanghai metro network (China Urban Rail Transit Association 2020). There may be various factors that cause fire problems in the subway station, such as cable fire, baggage fire, intentional arson and so on. The fire safety is worth paying high attention due to the occurrence of accidents in King’s Cross Station, Baku Azerbaijan and Daegu, with the death of 32, 289 and 192, respectively (Roh et al. 2009; Tsukahara et al. 2011; Gao et al. 2012b). Generally, most casualties are from hazardous smoke instead of burning flame in fire accidents. In a relatively restricted space like an underground subway station, the fire-induced smoke
not only suffocates people owing to its poisonous ga
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