Supercapacitors - Automotive Solutions for Comfort, Safety, and CO 2 Reduction
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percapacitors – Automotive Solutions for Comfort, Safety, and CO2 Reduction Increasing demands for comfort, growing need for safety and reduction of CO2 emissions require new ways of storing energy in the vehicle electrical system. As Eberspächer Controls shows, supercapacitors are a cost-effective and easy addition to conventional batteries.
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AUTHORS
Dr. Massimo Venturi is Vice President of the Automotive Electronics Business Unit of the Eberspächer Group and General Manager at Eberspächer Controls Landau GmbH & Co. KG in Landau (Germany).
Fabian Brauss is Team Leader of Hardware and Mechanical Engineering at Eberspächer Controls Landau GmbH & Co. KG in Landau (Germany).
Dr. Hans-Peter Daub is System Engineer at Eberspächer Controls Landau GmbH & Co. KG in Landau (Germany).
© Eberspächer
MOTIVATION
ATZ electronics worldwide 10|2020
The increase in comfort needs, safety in autonomous driving, and CO2 reduction are the main drivers in vehicle development. For this reason, there is a continuous increase in onboard power and in vehicle power grid variances, for example in voltage level or energy availability. There are some applications where conventional batteries and lithium-ion bat teries are reaching their technical limi tations. In particular, these are applications where transient loads and cycle rates are high or where power availability at low temperatures is required. In the case of an additional voltage level to the existing power grid being necessary (for
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C OVER STORY High -voltage and 4 8 -V Systems
CHARACTERISTICS OF SUPERCAPACITORS
FIGURE 1 Ragone diagram: comparison of different storage technologies (by Eberspächer, derived from “Energiespeicher3” (© MovGP0 CC-BY-SA-2.5 [4]))
example, to increase the performance of brake recuperation), the system total costs play a significant role. The increased use of an additional voltage level of 48 V means that several com ponents can be developed in modular form to be installed in different vehicle platforms. For the use in a localized system, the supercapacitor (SCAP) module offers the optimal solution, compared to the electrolyte capacitors (too small) or a 48-V battery (too big). To recover brake energy, it is necessary to implement a (power) system that can handle high currents in a short time. As far as the vehicle comfort is concerned, the use of electrical roll stabilization is going to be more intensively used. In this specific field of application, it is necessary to provide high transient power to be stored and
released [1]. In order to increase safety in autonomous driving, the need for redundancies in the power grid also increases. This development is mostly driven by autonomously driving vehicles with a higher Autonomous Driving (AD) level. The common need of all these appli cations is to identify a storage system that can fulfill specific requirements. Depending on the vehicle and powertrain strategy and on the need for modularity, it can be derived whether a battery or a SCAP represents the proper solution. In general,
