Surface active monomers: from micellar solution properties to molecular characteristics
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Surface active monomers: from micellar solution properties to molecular characteristics A. A. Lezov1 · P. A. Fetin2 · A. S. Gubarev1 · A. A. Lezova1 · O. S. Vezo3 · A. S. Senchukova1 · M. E. Mikhailova1 · N. G. Mikusheva1 · I. M. Zorin2 · N. V. Tsvetkov1 Received: 17 July 2020 / Accepted: 17 November 2020 © The Polymer Society, Taipei 2020
Abstract Hydrodynamic methods and light scattering were used in the studies of solutions of a surface active monomer 11-acryloyloxyundecyltrimethylammonium bromide (AUTA-Br) and its polymers in 0.05 M NaCl. Aqueous solutions of AUTA-Br monomer in the concentration range of 4 to 16 CMC contain individual molecules and near-spherical AUTA-Br aggregates. The pAUTA-Br polymers possess rather high equilibrium rigidity (11.8 nm). This high value of equilibrium rigidity found for pAUTA-Br macromolecules is apparently caused by two factors: the presence of a bulky side substituent in each AUTA-Br monomer unit and incomplete suppression of electrostatic interactions between neighboring monomer units in the backbone. Keywords Surfactant monomer · Self-assembly · Polyelectrolyte
Introduction Surface active monomers, also known as “surfmers”, particularly, 11-acryloyloxyundecyltrimethylammonium bromide (AUTA-Br), still attract much interest, although this compound was synthesized for the first time already in the 1980s [1, 2]. Surfmer molecules contain fragments with different functionalities and, as a consequence, can participate in hydrophobic and ionic interactions. They are also able to play a role of monomer during polymerization due to the presence of a double carbon–carbon bond, so that a surfmer acts both as a surfactant and a monomer. Application of such surfmers opens up wide opportunities of obtaining materials with predicted properties [3]. * A. A. Lezov [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Molecular Biophysics and Polymer Physics, Faculty of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
2
Department of Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
3
Research Park, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
Friedrich et al. [4–6] prepared an intelligent hydrogel on the basis of the copolymer of AUTA-Br and N-isopropylacrylamide (NiPAM) under γ-irradiation. The gel was formed at the expense of chemical crosslinking between NiPAM macromolecules and hydrophobic interactions between AUTA-Br aliphatic tails. It was demonstrated that introducing up to 2.5% of AUTA-Br into hydrogel and subsequent gamma-irradiation lead to a physically and chemically crosslinked gel structure with improved mechanical stability; in addition, the gel shows an increased swelling degree. Moreover, the NiPAM/AUTA-Br gels undergo a reversible clear-turbid transition at the low critical solution temperature (LCST), which makes them
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