Surface quality measurement by contact and laser methods on thermally modified spruce wood after plain milling
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Surface quality measurement by contact and laser methods on thermally modified spruce wood after plain milling Fatemeh Razaei 1 & Milan Gaff 1 & Anil Kumar Sethy 1 & Peter Niemz 1 & Gourav Kamboj 1 & Gianluca Ditommaso 1 & Roberto Corleto 1 & Sumanta Das 1 & Miroslav Gašparík 1 Received: 12 May 2020 / Accepted: 20 August 2020 / Published online: 27 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The accuracy and reliability of a measuring device is crucial to determine the quality of wood surface. This paper compares the surface quality of thermally modified spruce wood measured by two different methods. Spruce wood specimens were thermally modified at different temperatures (160, 180, and 210 °C) and then milled with a single-spindle milling machine operated at different combinations of processing parameters (cutting speed, rake angle, and feed rate). Surface quality (surface roughness and surface waviness) of the specimens were measured by laser as well as contact method. Higher values of surface roughness and waviness were obtained by the laser method compared with the contact method. Average surface roughness was 31% higher, while average waviness was 35% higher in laser method as compared with the contact method. Based on the surface quality obtained by laser method and energy consumption during milling, the optimum combination of parameters for milling of thermally modified spruce wood was ascertained. The best surface quality with lower energy consumption during machining was obtained in spruce wood thermally modified at 210 °C and processed at a cutting speed of 20 m/s, rake angel of 20°, and a feed rate of 4 m/min. Keywords Spruce . Laser method . Contact method . Surface quality . Thermal modification . Energy consumption
1 Introduction The surface quality of wood is one of the important parameters in wood processing as it affects the aesthetics from a macroscopic perspective to the coating and gluing process from microscopic and functional aspects [1]. While outer appearance is necessary to attract customers, a quality surface on machined wood is a prerequisite to ensure optimal use of coatings and improved coating performance. Performance of a wood-adhesive bond is also correlated with the characteristics of wood surfaces [2]. Mechanical surface preparation techniques such as planning and sanding can have significant influence on the performance of wood-adhesive bond [3]. Extreme rough wood surfaces cause poor bonding
* Anil Kumar Sethy [email protected] 1
Department of Wood Processing and Biomaterials, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 1176, Prague 6, 16521 Suchdol, Czech Republic
performance by the overpenetration of resin into the rough areas [4]. In spite of the known effect of surface quality on glue bond strength, information on the exact roughness value for optimal wood bonding is still uncertain [5, 6]. Surface quality is quantitatively represented in terms of surface roughness and wavi
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