Synergies Between Climate Change, Biodiversity, Ecosystem Function and Services, Indirect Drivers of Change and Human We

Climate change is having impacts on the biodiversity and structure of many ecosystems. In this chapter, we focus on its impacts on forests. We will focus on how the potential climate change impacts on forest biodiversity and structure will have a reflecti

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ploring Synergies and Trade-offs Between Climate Change and the Sustainable Development Goals

Exploring Synergies and Trade-offs Between Climate Change and the Sustainable Development Goals

V. Venkatramanan • Shachi Shah • Ram Prasad Editors

Exploring Synergies and Trade-offs Between Climate Change and the Sustainable Development Goals

Editors V. Venkatramanan School of Interdisciplinary and Trans-disciplinary Studies, IGNOU New Delhi, Delhi, India

Shachi Shah School of Interdisciplinary and Trans-disciplinary Studies, IGNOU New Delhi, Delhi, India

Ram Prasad Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University Motihari, Bihar, India

ISBN 978-981-15-7300-2 ISBN 978-981-15-7301-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7301-9

(eBook)

# Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore

Preface

Global climate change is an existential threat. Climate models project increasing mean surface temperature both over land and ocean, increase in the frequency of extreme events, and imbalances and long-term changes in the complex climate system. Notwithstanding the proactive steps being taken to reduce greenhouse gas emission, Global Warming will persist for a longer period. Nevertheless, the climaterelated risk is a function of the rate and magnitude of increase in surface air temperature, geographical setting, carbon-dependent economic development pathway, portfolio of mitigation and adaptation strategies, and vulnerability. The potential impacts of climate change are pervasive – it challenges our existence, growth and development and indeed the way of life. The existential environmental challenges and o