T-Wave Alternans Identification in Direct and Indirect Fetal Electrocardiography
The fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) is the recording of the electrical activity of the fetal heart. Morphologically, FECG shows the standard P-QRS-TU electrocardiographic pattern and a heart rate (HR) of 120–160 bpm. There are two techniques to acquire FEC
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tive Technologies and Signal Processing in Perinatal Medicine Volume 1
Innovative Technologies and Signal Processing in Perinatal Medicine
Danilo Pani • Chiara Rabotti Maria Gabriella Signorini • Laura Burattini Editors
Innovative Technologies and Signal Processing in Perinatal Medicine Volume 1
Editors Danilo Pani Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Cagliari Cagliari, Italy Maria Gabriella Signorini Department of Electronic, Information and Bioengineering, DEIB Politecnico di Milano Milan, Italy
Chiara Rabotti Family Care Solutions Philips Research Eindhoven, The Netherlands Laura Burattini Department of Information Engineering Università Politecnica delle Marche Ancona, Italy
ISBN 978-3-030-54402-7 ISBN 978-3-030-54403-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54403-4 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
Pregnancy is a critical time for the health of mother and fetus, with significant risks for both. Early prenatal diagnosis can enable therapeutic interventions in utero or postpartum (or childbirth programming through cesarean section) in order to minimize risks for the fetus in the short and long term. Tools for pregnancy monitoring can as well be adopted to follow the mother and baby throughout gestation, up to labor and more, in case something goes wrong. In particular, the perinatal period, spanning from the third trimester of pregnancy up to 1 month after birth, is most critical for the baby. For this reason, in the last decades, biomedical engineering supported and fostered scientific research towards identification of new models, parameters, algorithms, and tools that can improv
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