Tactical tuning of mechanical and thermo-mechanical properties of glass fiber/epoxy multi-scale composites by incorporat
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Tactical tuning of mechanical and thermo‑mechanical properties of glass fiber/epoxy multi‑scale composites by incorporating N‑(2‑aminoethyl)‑3‑aminopropyl trimethoxysilane functionalized carbon nanotubes Fahd Jamshaid1 · Rafi Ullah Khan1 · Atif Islam1 · Adnan Ahmad1 · Muhammad Adrees1 · Rizwan Dilshad2 Received: 18 December 2019 / Accepted: 19 July 2020 © Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute 2020
Abstract The current study explores the potential of N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (AEAPTS) functionalized single-wall carbon nanotubes (f-SWCNTs) as interface modifier to enhance thermomechanical characteristics of glass fiber/ epoxy (GF/epoxy) composites. GF/epoxy laminates each embedded with 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 wt% of pristine SWCNTs (p-SWCNTs) and f-SWCNTs, respectively, were fabricated using hot press technique. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated successful attachment of AEAPTS on SWCNTs while thermogravimetric analysis assessed the grafting density of AEAPTS. Tensile strength, modulus and interlaminar shear strength increased by ~ 27, ~ 14 and ~ 43%, respectively, at 0.5 wt% f-SWCNTs loading. However, no marked improvements were observed in mechanical properties with p-SWCNTs addition. Scanning electron microscopy revealed excellent dispersibility of f-SWCNTs in an epoxy matrix. Moreover, fractographic analysis revealed excellent compatibility of GF and epoxy resin in the presence of f-SWCNTs which accounts for improved interfacial adhesion. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis showed ~ 40% increment in storage modulus at 25 °C with 0.5 wt% f-SWCNTs content whereas the glass transition temperature remarkably improved by ~ 13 °C as compared to the neat composite (~ 136 °C). The cross-link density increased up to ~ 51% with f-SWCNTs addition implying that grafted AEAPTS moieties undergo a three-way cross-link reaction with epoxide groups of epoxy and silanes of glass fibers. Such multi-scale composites with enhanced strength and thermomechanical stability can replace metallic components in various engineering applications. Keywords Single wall carbon nanotube · N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane · Interlaminar shear strength · Dynamic mechanical analysis · Cross-link density
Introduction Glass fiber reinforced composites (GFRCs) are consistently replacing metallic components and are being widely exploited as structural integrations in transportation and automotive [1], aviation [2], electronic devices [3] and * Fahd Jamshaid [email protected] 1
Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Quaid‑e‑Azam Campus, P.O. Box: 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Punjab, Quaid‑e‑Azam Campus, P.O. Box: 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
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sports equipment [4]. They offer a flexible design approach for structural materials with substantially improved characteristics such as high in-plane specific strength and stiffness, low thermal expansion, inexpensive manufacturing, chemical and c
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