Talbot effect in nonparaxial self-accelerating beams with electromagnetically induced transparency
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Front. Phys. 15(5), 52503 (2020)
Research article Talbot effect in nonparaxial self-accelerating beams with electromagnetically induced transparency Jing-Min Ru1 , Zhen-Kun Wu1,2,† , Ya-Gang Zhang1 , Feng Wen3,‡ , Yu-Zong Gu1 1
Institute of Nano/Photon Materials and Application, School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China 2 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics and Electronics Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China 3 Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & School of Science & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique & Institute of Wide Bandgap Semiconductors, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China Corresponding authors. E-mail: † [email protected], ‡ [email protected] Received June 23, 2020; accepted July 28, 2020
In this study, we report on the fractional Talbot effect of nonparaxial self-accelerating beams in a multilevel electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) atomic configuration, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first study on this subject. The Talbot effect originates from superposed eigenmodes of the Helmholtz equation and forms in the EIT window in the presence of both linear and cubic susceptibilities. The Talbot effect can be realized by appropriately selecting the coefficients of the beam components. Our results indicate that the larger the radial difference between beam components, the stronger the interference between them, the smaller the Talbot angle is. The results of this study can be useful when studying optical imaging, optical measurements, and optical computing. Keywords multilevel atomic configuration, nonparaxial self-accelerating beam, Talbot effect, electromagnetically induced transparency
1 Introduction Atomic systems are special non-solid materials that have been the subject of substantial research and development in recent decades. Studies have shown that such ideal media can exhibit controllable optical properties, which gives them a wide range of potential applications. Due to its strong dispersion and free-absorption properties, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) [1, 2] has been studied in atomic vapors and it was important in the development of multi-wave mixing processes [3–6]. For example, in 1995, Hemmer et al. [7, 8] observed enhanced four-wave mixing based on EIT and studied its propagation in a four-level double-Λ atomic system. In 2007, Zhang et al. [9] demonstrated coexisting fourand six-wave mixing via two ladder-type EIT atomic vapors. More recently, periodically-dressed atomic systems have been investigated and many interesting phenomena were observed. This included enhanced multiwave mixing signals caused by Bragg reflection from photonic bandgap structures [10], edge solitons in photonic graphene [11], photonic topological insulators [12], (anti-) ∗ arXiv:
2008.10892.
parity–time symmetric systems [13–15], optical Bloch oscillation, and Zener tunneling [16]. Moreover, atomic va
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