Target Localization by Resolving the Time Synchronization Problem in Bistatic Radar Systems Using Space Fast-Time Adapti
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Research Article Target Localization by Resolving the Time Synchronization Problem in Bistatic Radar Systems Using Space Fast-Time Adaptive Processor D. Madurasinghe and A. P. Shaw Electronic Warfare and Radar Division, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, P.O. Box 1600, Edinburgh, SA 5111, Australia Correspondence should be addressed to D. Madurasinghe, [email protected] Received 30 September 2008; Accepted 26 January 2009 Recommended by Magnus Jansson The proposed technique allows the radar receiver to accurately estimate the range of a large number of targets using a transmitter of opportunity as long as the location of the transmitter is known. The technique does not depend on the use of communication satellites or GPS systems, instead it relies on the availability of the direct transmit copy of the signal from the transmitter and the reflected paths off the various targets. An array-based space-fast time adaptive processor is implemented in order to estimate the path difference between the direct signal and the delayed signal, which bounces off the target. This procedure allows us to estimate the target distance as well as bearing. Copyright © 2009 D. Madurasinghe and A. P. Shaw. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
1. Introduction Bistatic radar systems are gaining more and more interest over the past two decades due to the freedom and flexibility it offers in deploying transmitters and receivers. Other advantages include the ability to use inexpensive receive modules, the use of continuous wave signals, the use of transmitters of opportunity, lower maintenance cost, operation without frequency clearance (if using third party transmitters), covert operation of the receiver, increase resilience to electrometric countermeasures, ability to hide the receiver location and the waveform being used, and huge enhancement of the target radar cross-section due to geometrical effects. However, several disadvantages include the system complexity, cost of providing communication between sites, lack of any control over the transmitter (if using third party transmitters), and reduced low-level coverage due to the need for line-of-sight from several locations. Passive radar systems (also referred to as passive coherent location and passive covert radar) encompass a class of radar systems that detect and track objects by processing reflections from noncooperative sources of illumination in the environment, such as commercial broadcast and
communications signals. It is a specific case of bistatic radar that exploites cooperative and noncooperative radar transmitters. References [1–5] are some of the examples. In bistatic radar systems, the time synchronization is one of the most important key technology areas. This is necessary to maintain bistatic phase coherency between the transmitter and the receiver. This is the main factor
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