The ExoMet Project: EU/ESA Research on High-Performance Light-Metal Alloys and Nanocomposites
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LIGHTWEIGHT constructions are of ever-increasing interest for a variety of application areas, notably not only for transport vehicles (cars, trucks, airplanes, launchers,…) but also for portable devices (computers, cellular phones, cameras,…), mobile structures (scaffolds, tents,…), sports gear, and so on. As a general rule, the extra investment that is associated with the utilization of a new material for such applications needs to be offset by a direct gain for the end user (better fuel economy, lower taxing,…) and/or by indirect benefits (reduced carbon footprint, enhanced customer satisfaction,…). Against
W.H. SILLEKENS, Project Manager, and D.J. JARVIS, Unit Head, are with the European Space Agency – ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands. Contact e-mail: [email protected] A. VOROZHTSOV, Professor, is with the Institute for Problems of Chemical & Energetic Technologies SB RAS, Tomsk State University, Lenina Str. 36, 634634, Tomsk, Russia. V. BOJAREVICS, Reader, is with the Old Royal Naval College, The University of Greenwich, Park Row, Greenwich, London SE10 9LS, U.K. C.F. BADINI, Professor, and M. PAVESE, Assistant Professor, are with the Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Turin, Italy. S. TERZI, Research Fellow, is with the European Space Agency – ESTEC, ILL4, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble Ce´dex, France. L. SALVO, Professor, is with the Laboratoire SIMAP, Universite´ Grenoble Alpes, 101 Rue de la Physique, 38402 Saint Martin d’He`res Ce´dex, France. L. KATSAROU, Contract Researcher, and H. DIERINGA, Deputy Department Head, are with the Magnesium Innovation Centre, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany. Manuscript submitted August 30, 2013. Article published online May 17, 2014 METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
this backdrop, light metals and especially aluminum and magnesium alloys are in continuous competition with other construction materials such as steels and plastics. With the density being basically fixed for each material class, it is imminent to improve the mechanical attributes to extend on their application potential for structural use. This may relate to a variety of properties including strength, crashworthiness, high-temperature strength, creep resistance, and fatigue. Further, the actual weight-saving potential for any particular component depends not only on its mechanical and thermal loading situation but also on the designing freedom; an accurate analysis of the functional requirements and constraints is, therefore, essential. Aspects such as manufacturability and costs (also in conjunction with production volumes), durability (e.g., corrosion and wear), and recyclability need thereby to be taken into account as well. That being noted, development strategies for individual material classes are an important matter of consideration. For instance, a well-known vision on the further advancement of magnesium-based materials after Kainer distinguishes betw
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