The Genus Deleya
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The Genus Deleya KAREL KERSTERS
The genus Deleya, along with the genus Halomonas, comprises the family Halomonadaceae (Franzmann et al., 1988). This family encompasses various halotolerant and moderately halophilic rod-like Gram-negative nonfermentative, chemoorganotrophs that require 75 mM to 200 mM NaCl for growth. However, some Deleya strains grow optimally only in media containing at least 7.5% salts (1.3 M NaCl). “Saltloving” is a universal feature of all strains belonging to the genera Deleya and Halomonas, and Deleya strains have been isolated from marine environments, solar salterns, saline soils, and salted food. Within the Proteobacteria, the family Halomonadaceae belongs to the rRNA superfamily II sensu De Ley (1978) (see The Proteobacteria: Ribosomal RNA Cistron Similarities and Bacterial Taxonomy in the second edition), i.e., part of the gamma subclass sensu Stackebrandt et al. (1988). The genus Deleya consists of six validly published species: D. aesta, D. cupida, D. halophila, D. marina, D. pacifica, and D. venusta (Baumann et al., 1983; Quesada et al., 1984). The genus is both genotypically and phenotypically heterogeneous; the GC content of the DNA ranges from 52 to 68 mol%. Good evidence exists (see below) that these six Deleya species, together with the Halomonas species, are part of a single evolutionary lineage. DNA-rRNA hybridizations (De Vos et al., 1989, and this chapter) and chemotaxonomic analyses (Akagawa and Yamasato, 1989; Franzmann and Tindall, 1990) revealed that various organisms misnamed as members of the genera Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes, and Achromobacter are authentic members of the genus Deleya. In the text below, misnamed taxa are enclosed by brackets, [ ], and invalid taxon names are in quotation marks,“ ”.
Intra- and Suprageneric Relationships of Deleya Species and Allied Bacteria In a taxonomic study of more than 200 Gramnegative, nonfermentative, marine eubacterial
This chapter was taken unchanged from the second edition.
strains, Baumann et al. (1972) assigned peritrichously flagellated strains of four different phena to four new species of the genus Alcaligenes ([A.] aestus, [A.] cupidus, [A.] pacificus, and [A.] venustus, respectively). Hendrie et al. (1974) considered [Achromobacter] aquamarinus (ZoBell and Upham, 1944) as an acceptable species within the genus Alcaligenes. However, it is now well established that all these marine [Alcaligenes] strains are genotypically and phenotypically very different from the type species Alcaligenes faecalis. The latter species belongs, together with some other Alcaligenes taxa and all Bordetella species, in the family Alcaligenaceae (De Ley et al., 1986) within the rRNA superfamily III (beta subclass) of the Proteobacteria (see also The Proteobacteria: Ribosomal RNA Cistron Similarities and Bacterial Taxonomy in the second edition). On the other hand, all marine [Alcaligenes] species are members of the rRNA superfamily II (part of the gamma subclass) (De Ley, 1978; Kersters and De Ley, 1980) and ar
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