The impact of Kuroshio water on the source water of the southeastern Taiwan Strait: numerical results
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The impact of Kuroshio water on the source water of the southeastern Taiwan Strait: numerical results ZHANG Wenzhou1, 2, 3*, ZHUANG Xuefen1, 3, CHEN Chentung Arthur4, 5, HUANG Tinghsuan4 1 State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China 2 Coastal and Ocean Management Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China 3 Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen University, Xiamen
361102, China 4 Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, China 5 Institute of Marine Resources, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Received 16 March 2015; accepted 29 June 2015 ©The Chinese Society of Oceanography and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015
Abstract
Model output from a Pacific basin-wide three-dimensional physical-biogeochemical model during the period of 1991 to 2008 was used to investigate the impact of Kuroshio water on the source water of the southeastern Taiwan Strait. Based on the characteristic salinities of both Kuroshio water and the South China Sea water, a Kuroshio impact index (KII) was designed to measure the degree of impact. The KII correlates significantly with the northeast-southwest component of wind stress, but the former lags the latter by approximately two months. The correlation coefficient between them increases from 0.267 4 to 0.852 9, with a lag time increasing from 0 to 63 days. The impact of Kuroshio Water is greater in winter and spring than in summer and autumn. At the interannual time scale, El Niño and La Niña events play an important role in impacting the KII. During El Niño events, more Kuroshio water contributes to the source water of the southeastern Taiwan Strait. Conversely, during La Niña events, less Kuroshio water contributes to the source water. Key words: Kuroshio water, seasonal variation, interannual variation, Taiwan Strait Citation: Zhang Wenzhou, Zhuang Xuefen, Chen Chentung Arthur, Huang Tinghsuan. 2015. The impact of Kuroshio water on the source water of the southeastern Taiwan Strait: numerical results. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 34(9): 23–34, doi: 10.1007/s13131-015-0720-x
1 Introduction The Taiwan Strait (TWS), which has a mean depth of approximately 60 m, is adjacent to the South China Sea (SCS) and the Luzon Strait (LS) to the south and the East China Sea to the north (Fig. 1). There is a deep submarine canyon known as the Gaoping Submarine Canyon in the southeastern TWS, tapering from south to north. This canyon is surrounded by the broad continental shelf of Mainland China, the deep SCS basin, and Taiwan Island. Kuroshio water (KW) often intrudes into the TWS through this canyon (Hu et al., 2010; Jan et al., 2010). The source water at the south gate of the southeastern TWS is controlled by the circulations in the northeastern SCS and the TWS, including Kuroshio intrusion current through the LS. Circulations in the northeastern SCS and its adjacent straits have been extensively investigated in the past (e.g., Hu et al., 2000; and ref
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