The Influence of Graphene Nanoplatelets on the Tensile and Impact Behavior of Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
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The Influence of Graphene Nanoplatelets on the Tensile and Impact Behavior of Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites Vigneshwaran Gnanakkan Samuel Veerakumar, Balasivanandha Prabu Shanmugavel, Ratnam Paskaramoorthy, and Sivasankaran Harish Submitted: 17 December 2019 / Revised: 15 October 2020 / Accepted: 1 November 2020 The effect of addition of graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) on the mechanical behavior of unidirectional Sglass fiber based composites fabricated through the hand layup technique, followed by hot compression moulding were investigated. The GnPs with varying concentrations were introduced into the composites in two different ways, i.e., (1) GnPs in matrix; (2) GnPs on the fiber surface (GnPs coated fibers fabric). The influence of method of incorporation of GnPs in the composites were evaluated from the mechanical properties, i.e., tensile, fiber pull-out and drop weight impact tests. The composite containing 0.5 wt.% GnPs on fiber surface showed the highest tensile strength with an improvement of 212% and the composite containing 0.5 wt.% GnPs in matrix showed higher energy absorption with 52% over the pristine composite. The influence of 0.5 wt.% GnPs added on the fiber surface improved the interfacial shear strength by 136% over pristine due to the enhancement of adhesion at the fiber/matrix interface. Keywords
compression moulding, fiber reinforced polymer-matrix composites, fiber/matrix interface, mechanical testing
1. Introduction Polymer composites filled with carbon nanofillers have been studied extensively during the last decade. Carbonaceous nanofillers such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (Ref 1), carbon nano-fibers (CNFs) (Ref 2), buckminsterfullerene (C60) and graphene nanoplatelets (Ref 3) were used in many studies to improve the mechanical, electronic and thermal properties of polymer composites. A number of studies showed that glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites filled with GnPs offer higher strength, stiffness and fracture toughness than those filled with CNTs or other nanofillers (Ref 4). Graphene is an allotrope of carbon with a 2-D lattice of sp2-bonded atoms forming a honeycomb structure (Ref 5). GnPs are twodimensional structures composed of several layers of graphite nanocrystals stacked together by van der Waals forces (Ref 6). The GnPs offer better mechanical interlocking than CNTs with Vigneshwaran Gnanakkan Samuel Veerakumar and Balasivanandha Prabu Shanmugavel, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering Guindy Campus, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, India; Ratnam Paskaramoorthy, DST/NRF Centre for Strong Materials and School of Mechanical, Industrial and Aeronautical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; and MPR Technologies, Johannesburg, South Africa; and Sivasankaran Harish, International Institute for Carbon–Neutral Energy Research Kyushu University (WPII2CNER), 44 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunky
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